Dose-Related Psychotic Symptoms in Chronic Methamphetamine Users

McKetin, Rebecca; Lubman, Dan I.; Baker, Amanda; Dawe, Sharon; Ali, Robert

doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.283

Cited by 186 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, they may include: neurochemical changes in areas of the brain that are associated with learning, potentially affecting cognitive function, behaviour, motor activity and changes in avoidance responses (106); psychotic, physiological and behavioural/developmental effects that include violent behaviour, depression, irritability, hallucinations, mood swings, paranoia, mood and sleep disorders that are associated with exposure to, or use of, methamphetamine (75,(106)(107)(108)(109)(110); as well as effects associated with exposure to the range of chemicals present, that includes cancer and effects on respiratory, renal, hepatic, neurological, developmental and reproductive systems (5). Exposures by first-responders have resulted in chronic respiratory (including asthma and significantly decreased lung function), gastrointestinal, neurological and immune system effects (29,63,102,111).…”

Section: Chronic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposures associated with clandestine methamphetamine drug laboratories in Australia

Wright

Edwards

Walker

2016

Reviews on Environmental Health

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AbstractThe clandestine manufacture of methamphetamine in residential homes may represent significant hazards and exposures not only to those involved in the manufacture of the drugs but also to others living in the home (including children), neighbours and first responders to the premises. These hazards are associated with the nature and improper storage and use of precursor chemicals, intermediate chemicals and wastes, gases and methamphetamine residues generated during manufacture and the drugs themselves. Many of these compounds are persistent and result in exposures inside a home not only during manufacture but after the laboratory has been seized or removed. Hence new occupants of buildings formerly used to manufacture methamphetamine may be unknowingly exposed to these hazards. Children are most susceptible to these hazards and evidence is available in the literature to indicate that these exposures may result in immediate and long-term adverse health effects. The assessment of exposure within the home can be undertaken by measuring contaminant levels or collecting appropriate biological data from individuals exposed. To gain a better understanding of the available data and key issues associated with these approaches to the characterisation of exposure, a review of the published literature has been undertaken.

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Section: Chronic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposures associated with clandestine methamphetamine drug laboratories in Australia

Wright

Edwards

Walker

2016

Reviews on Environmental Health

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“…Methamphetamine and amphetamine (hereafter referred to collectively as methamphetamine) can produce a transient psychosis almost indistinguishable from acute paranoid schizophrenia (Angrist et al, 1974;Angrist and Gershon, 1970;Connell, 1966;McKetin et al 2013). Differentiating between the two conditions with the existing diagnostic criteria is difficult based on presenting symptoms, resulting in misdiagnosis, suboptimal follow-up with a potentially poorer prognosis (Mathias et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The profile of psychiatric symptoms exacerbated by methamphetamine use

McKetin

Dawe

Burns

et al. 2016

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Methods: 164 methamphetamine users, who did not meet DSM-IV criteria for a lifetime primary psychotic disorder, were followed monthly for one year to assess the relationship between days of methamphetamine use and symptom severity on the 24-item Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale.Exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms with methamphetamine use was quantified using random coefficient models. The dimensions of symptom exacerbation were examined using principal axis factoring and a latent profile analysis. Results:Symptoms exacerbated by methamphetamine loaded on three factors: positive psychotic symptoms (suspiciousness, unusual thought content, hallucinations, bizarre behavior); affective symptoms (depression, suicidality, guilt, hostility, somatic concern, self-neglect); and psychomotor symptoms (tension, excitement, distractibility, motor hyperactivity). Methamphetamine use did not significantly increase negative symptoms. Vulnerability to positive psychotic and affective symptom exacerbation was shared by 28% of participants, and this vulnerability aligned with a past year DSM-IV diagnosis of substance-induced psychosis (38% vs. 22%, χ 2 (df 1) = 3.66, p = 0.056). Conclusion:Methamphetamine use produced a symptom profile comprised of positive psychotic and affective symptoms, which aligned with a diagnosis of substance-induced psychosis, with no evidence of a negative syndrome.

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“…282 " persecutory delusions and hallucinations. 284 Users have reported that the persecutory delusions often take the form of a feeling that others wish to harm or threaten them. 285 Users have also said that the hallucinations often involve hearing voices that make insulting remarks or command them to do certain things.…”

Section: Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%