Dose-response of deformable radiochromic dosimeters for spot scanning proton therapy

Jensen, Steen; Valdetaro, Lia; Poulsen, P.R.; Balling, P.; Petersen, Jørgen B. B.; Muren, L.P.

doi:10.1016/j.phro.2020.11.004

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…[ 1 ] Further research concerned both Fricke‐gel dosimeters and other systems, such as polymer gel dosimeters, radiochromic gel and plastic dosimeters, and flexible dosimeters. [ 2–59 ] Many dosimetric compositions have been proposed. As a general rule, each new 3D dosimeter has a specific acronym, usually derived from its components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Combined, Double‐Density LCV‐Pluronic F‐127 Radiochromic Dosimeter Mimicking Lungs and Muscles

Kozicki

Bartosiak

Maras

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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3D chemical dosimetry of radiotherapy is an interdisciplinary research related to medical physics, polymer and radiation chemistry, photochemistry, organic chemistry, computer science, oncology, materials engineering, and automation technology. It consists of a 3D high resolution tissue equivalent dosimeter, high resolution 3D reading, and software packages for fast processing of 3D measurement data. Research on 3D radiotherapy chemical dosimetry has been going on for almost forty years, starting with the first proposal of a 3D dosimeter -Fricke dosimetric solution in a physical gel matrix with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reading to record the spatial dose distribution. [1] Further research concerned both Fricke-gel dosimeters and other systems, such as polymer gel dosimeters, radiochromic gel and plastic dosimeters, and flexible dosimeters. Many dosimetric compositions have been proposed. As a general rule, each new 3D dosimeter has a specific acronym, usually derived from its components. Examples of 3D polymer gel dosimeters are as follows (the acronyms are associated with example references): BANG, [16] PAG, [17] PAGAT, [18] nMAG, nPAG, [19] MAGIC, [17,20] MAGIC-f, [21] NIPAM, [22,23] VIPAR, [24] VIP (VIPAR nd ), [25] VIC, [26] VIC-T, [26] VIP3-Pluronic F-127, [27,28] PAGAT2-Pluronic F-127, [29] PAB-IG nx , [14,30,31] NHMAGAT, [32] MAGADIT, [33] NMPAGAT. [34] Examples of 3D radiochromic dosimeters are as follows: PVA-GTA-XO-Fricke, [35,36] PVA-GTA-MTB-Fricke, [37] Fricke-XOgelatine, [38] Fricke-XO-Pluronic F-127, [10,13,39] TTC-Pluronic F-127, [40] NBT-Pluronic F-127, [41,42] KI-PVA, [43] KI-Pluronic F-127, [12] LCV-gelatine; [44] and 3D plastic radiochromic dosimeter: PRESAGE. [3,45,46] 3D flexible dosimeters have also been proposed: LMG-silicone, [47,48] FlexyDos3D, [49] as well as 3D lung-mimicking dosimeters: PAGAT-2-Pluronic F-127 foam, [11] foam based on methacrylic acid-gelatine infused with sodium dodecyl sulphate surfactant, [50] and methacrylic acid-gelatine gel with expanded polystyrene spheres. [51] It should be mentioned that alternative 3D reading techniques to MRI were also investigated, including computed tomography (CT), [22,23,52] ultrasonography, [53][54][55] and optical computed tomography (optical CT). [56,57] It has been shown that 3D dosimetry data This work reports on a new type of combined radiochromic ionizing radiation dosimeter for radiotherapy. The LCV-Pluronic F-127 serves for this purpose, which is a leuco crystal violet embedded in a physical hydrogel matrix of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F-127) with additives. This dosimeter responds to ionizing radiation by developing a blue color with an intensity related to the radiation dose. The LCV-Pluronic F-127 dosimeter is improved for lower temperature stability by adding sodium chloride (NaCl). Subsequently, a method for manufacturing the LCV-Pluronic F-127 lung mimicking dosimeter is proposed. Next, the LCV-Pluronic F-127 3D composite dosimeter is elaborated, which cont...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Combined, Double‐Density LCV‐Pluronic F‐127 Radiochromic Dosimeter Mimicking Lungs and Muscles

Kozicki

Bartosiak

Maras

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…Many nearly tissue-equivalent matrix candidates exist, and the possibility of casting dosimeters into arbitrary shapes opens new opportunities for anthropomorphic phantoms, not to mention that the elasticity of some matrices allows for deformation of such phantoms, for example, simulating the organ motion and deformation that often takes place during the week-long course of radiotherapy. 10 In order to achieve an ∼10 cm cube, which would enclose the volume of most treatment plans, it is important for an OSL dosimeter to be sufficiently transparent, since the readout process relies on optical access to all parts of the dosimeter. This requires refractive-index matching between the matrix and the nanoparticles in order to minimize scattering of light from the particle interfaces.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Nanocomposite Material for Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry

et al. 2022

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Radiotherapy is a well-established and important treatment for cancer tumors, and advanced technologies can deliver doses in complex three-dimensional geometries tailored to each patient’s specific anatomy. A 3D dosimeter, based on optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), could provide a high accuracy and reusable tool for verifying such dose delivery. Nanoparticles of an OSL material embedded in a transparent matrix have previously been proposed as an inexpensive dosimeter, which can be read out using laser-based methods. Here, we show that Cu-doped LiF nanocubes (nano-LiF:Cu) are excellent candidates for 3D OSL dosimetry owing to their high sensitivity, dose linearity, and stability at ambient conditions. We demonstrate a scalable synthesis technique producing a material with the attractive properties of a single dosimetric trap and a single near-ultraviolet emission line well separated from visible-light stimulation sources. The observed transparency and light yield of silicone sheets with embedded nanocubes hold promise for future 3D OSL-based dosimetry.

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“…Post-irradiation readout, or passive dosimetry, is led by gel or bulk radiochromic materials, where dose-correlated information is read out with an optical computed tomography scanner 19 . Recent applications have demonstrated dosimetry inside the magnetic field present in novel MR-guided radiotherapy 20 , while the high spatial resolution of radiochromic dosimeters has allowed imaging of, e.g., the localized dose (Bragg peak) in proton therapy 21 , and the demonstration of the possibility to use a flexible host matrix was used to investigate the effects of deformation during proton therapy 22 . Nonetheless, the existing 3D dosimeters are based on materials with an irreversible chemically induced response to ionizing radiation, a response which has been shown to exhibit time- and temperature variations 23 , and they are by design one-time use dosimeters, which typically require batch-specific calibration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically stimulated luminescence in state-of-the-art LYSO:Ce scintillators enables high spatial resolution 3D dose imaging

Jensen

Nyemann

Muren

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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In this contribution, we study the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) exhibited by commercial $$\hbox {Lu}_{(2-x)}\hbox {Y}_x\hbox {SiO}_5$$ Lu ( 2 - x ) Y x SiO 5 :Ce crystals. This photon emission mechanism, complementary to scintillation, can trap a fraction of radiation energy deposited in the material and provides sufficient signal to develop a novel post-irradiation 3D dose readout. We characterize the OSL emission through spectrally and temporally resolved measurements and monitor the dose linearity response over a broad range. The measurements show that the $$\hbox {Ce}^{3+}$$ Ce 3 + centers responsible for scintillation also function as recombination centers for the OSL mechanism. The capture to OSL-active traps competes with scintillation originating from the direct non-radiative energy transfer to the luminescent centers. An OSL response on the order of 100 ph/MeV is estimated. We demonstrate the imaging capabilities provided by such an OSL photon yield using a proof-of-concept optical readout method. A 0.1 $$\hbox {mm}^3$$ mm 3 spatial resolution for doses as low as 0.5 Gy is projected using a cubic crystal to image volumetric dose profiles. While OSL degrades the intrinsic scintillating performance by reducing the number of scintillation photons emitted following the passage of ionizing radiation, it can encode highly resolved spatial information of the interaction point of the particle. This feature combines ionizing radiation spectroscopy and 3D reusable dose imaging in a single material.

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Dose-response of deformable radiochromic dosimeters for spot scanning proton therapy

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

First Combined, Double‐Density LCV‐Pluronic F‐127 Radiochromic Dosimeter Mimicking Lungs and Muscles

First Combined, Double‐Density LCV‐Pluronic F‐127 Radiochromic Dosimeter Mimicking Lungs and Muscles

A Novel Nanocomposite Material for Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimetry

Optically stimulated luminescence in state-of-the-art LYSO:Ce scintillators enables high spatial resolution 3D dose imaging

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