Dose Response of Whey Protein Isolate in Addition to a Typical Mixed Meal on Blood Amino Acids and Hormonal Concentrations

Forbes, Scott C.; McCargar, Linda J.; Jelen, P.; Bell, Gordon J.

doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2013-0136

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The present results seems to support the premise that the main limiting factor for training adaptation would be the daily caloric intake (McLellan et al, 2014), being the total daily protein (Reidy and Rasmussen, 2016) or the timing of ingestion (Forbes et al, 2014) rather than the amino acid composition, more relevant factors affecting fatfree mass accretion during resistance training. Nonetheless, it is important to highlight that for the present investigation, diet was not controlled but only recorded over 3 days.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Carbohydrates Alone or Mixing With Beef or Whey Protein Promote Similar Training Outcomes in Resistance Training Males: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Naclerio

Seijo

Larumbe-Zabala

et al. 2017

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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Beef powder is a new high-quality protein source scarcely researched relative to exercise performance. The present study examined the impact of ingesting hydrolyzed beef protein, whey protein, and carbohydrate on strength performance (1RM), body composition (via plethysmography), limb circumferences and muscular thickness (via ultrasonography), following an 8-week resistance-training program. After being randomly assigned to one of the following groups: Beef, Whey, or Carbohydrate, twenty four recreationally physically active males (n=8 per treatment) ingested 20 g of supplement, mixed with orange juice, once a day (immediately after workout or before breakfast). Post intervention changes were examined as percent change and 95% CIs. Beef (2.0%, CI, 0.2-2.38%) and Whey (1.4%, CI, 0.2-2.6%) but not Carbohydrate (0.0%, CI, -1.2-1.2%) increased fat-free mass. All groups increased vastus medialis thickness: Beef (11.1%, CI, 6.3-15.9%), Whey (12.1%, CI, 4.0, -20.2%), Carbohydrate (6.3%, CI, 1.9-10.6%). Beef (11.2%, CI, 5.9-16.5%) and Carbohydrate (4.5%, CI, 1.6-7.4%), but not Whey (1.1%, CI, -1.7-4.0%), increased biceps brachialis thickness, while only Beef increased arm (4.8%, CI, 2.3-7.3%) and thigh (11.2%, 95%CI 0.4-5.9%) circumferences. Although the three groups significantly improved 1RM Squat (Beef 21.6%, CI 5.5-37.7%; Whey 14.6%, CI, 5.9-23.3%; Carbohydrate 19.6%, CI, 2.2-37.1%), for the 1RM bench press the improvements were significant for Beef (15.8% CI 7.0-24.7%) and Whey (5.8%, CI, 1.7-9.8%) but not for carbohydrate (11.4%, -0.9-23.6%). Protein-carbohydrate supplementation supports fat-free mass accretion and lower body hypertrophy.Hydrolyzed beef promotes upper body hypertrophy along with similar performance outcomes as observed when supplementing with whey isolate or maltodextrin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Carbohydrates Alone or Mixing With Beef or Whey Protein Promote Similar Training Outcomes in Resistance Training Males: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Naclerio

Seijo

Larumbe-Zabala

et al. 2017

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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“…The formulated diets have potential for use as complementary diet. Forbes, McCargar, Jelen, and Bell () also reported an increase in EAA by supplementation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effect of extrusion on protein quality, antinutritional factors, and digestibility of complementary diet from quality protein maize and soybean protein concentrate

2018

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The nutritional quality of food transcends the availability of nutrients in food to being utilizable by the consumer. In this study, a complementary diet for infants was formulated with quality protein maize, soybean protein concentrate, and cassava starch. The formulated diet was extruded and the effect of extrusion on some antinutritional factors and in vitro protein and starch digestibilities of the meals were assessed. The amino acid profile of the samples was determined while other protein quality indices were calculated. The essential amino acid index of the formulated meal ranged from 87.3 in tryptophan to 133.7 in tyrosine-phenylalanine. Protein efficiency ratio of the formulated meal ranged from 1.20 to 2.45. The calculated biological value ranged from 92.57 to 95.20%.Extrusion cooking significantly improved the in vitro protein and starch digestibilities and significantly reduced some antinutritional factors of the formulated meals. Practical applicationsAdequate nutrition during infancy and early childhood is fundamental to the development of each child's full human potential. It is well recognized that the period from birth to 2 years of age is a "critical window" for the promotion of optimal growth, health, and behavioral development. Longitudinal studies have consistently shown that this is the peak age for growth faltering and common childhood illnesses. Nigeria is well endowed with adequate food supplies, however, more than one third of the children under the age of 5 are malnourished and of all deaths of children lower than 5 years of age are directly or indirectly attributable to malnutrition hence the reason for carrying out this study. Foods with balanced amino acid profile can be obtained by mixing legumes and cereal grains. Extrusion cooking utilizes the high temperature short time phenomenon which is effective for the improvement of the biological value of food. K E Y W O R D S amino acid profile, antinutritional factors, complementary diet, essential amino acid, extrusion cooking, in vitro protein digestibility, in vitro starch digestibility, protein quality, quality protein maize, soybean protein concentrate

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“…For the WS group, an additional 1.0 g·kg body mass −1 ·d −1 of whey protein isolate powder containing 92% protein (Land O' Lakes, St. Paul, USA) was calculated for each participant and added to their diet. To ensure the quality of the supplement, blood amino acid profiles were assessed on another group of subjects (30). The placebo group was provided with a carbohydrate polymer powder (Polycose®, Abbot Laboratories Inc., Columbus, USA) in an amount that matched the additional calories associated with the increase in energy intake of the protein consumed in the WS group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whey Protein Isolate Supplementation While Endurance Training Does Not Alter Cycling Performance or Immune Responses at Rest or After Exercise

Forbes

Bell

2019

Front. Nutr.

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This study examined whey protein isolate supplementation combined with endurance training on cycling performance, aerobic fitness and immune cell responses. Eighteen male cyclists were randomly assigned to either placebo (PLA) or whey protein supplementation (WS; 1.0 g·kg body mass −1 ·d −1 in addition to their dietary intake). Both groups completed the identical endurance training program, 4 days per week for 6 weeks. Blood samples were obtained at rest and after 5 and 60 min of recovery from a simulated 40 km cycling time trial (TT) and were repeated after training. Baseline dietary intake of protein prior to supplementation was 1.52 ± 0.45 and 1.46 ± 0.44 g·kg body mass −1 ·d −1 for the WS and PLA groups, respectively. There were similar improvements in TT performance (WS: 71.47 ± 12.17 to 64.38 ± 8.09 min; PLA: 72.33 ± 12.79 to 61.13 ± 8.97 min), and peak oxygen uptake (WS: 52.3 ± 6.1 to 56.1 ± 5.4 mL·kg −1 ·min −1 ; PLA: 50.0 ± 7.1 to 54.9 ± 5.1 mL·kg −1 ·min −1 ) after training in both groups. White blood cells (WBC) and neutrophil counts were elevated 5 min after the TT and further increased after 60 min ( P < 0.05). The exercise-induced increase in WBC and neutrophil counts at 5 and 60 min after the TT were attenuated after training compared to before training ( P < 0.05). Lymphocytes increased 5 min after the TT and decreased below rest after 60 min of recovery ( P < 0.05). Following training lymphocytes were lower after 60 min of recovery compared to before training. There was no change in natural killer cell activity with exercise, training or between groups. It was concluded that whey protein isolate supplementation while endurance training did not differentially change cycling performance or the immune response at rest or after exercise. However, endurance training did alter performance, aerobic fitness and some post exercise immune cell counts.

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Dose Response of Whey Protein Isolate in Addition to a Typical Mixed Meal on Blood Amino Acids and Hormonal Concentrations

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Carbohydrates Alone or Mixing With Beef or Whey Protein Promote Similar Training Outcomes in Resistance Training Males: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Carbohydrates Alone or Mixing With Beef or Whey Protein Promote Similar Training Outcomes in Resistance Training Males: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Effect of extrusion on protein quality, antinutritional factors, and digestibility of complementary diet from quality protein maize and soybean protein concentrate

Whey Protein Isolate Supplementation While Endurance Training Does Not Alter Cycling Performance or Immune Responses at Rest or After Exercise

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