Dose-Response Relationship between Antimicrobial Drugs and Livestock-Associated MRSA in Pig Farming1

Dorado-García, Alejandro; Dohmen, Wietske; Bos, Marian E. H.; Verstappen, Koen M.; Houben, Manon; Wagenaar, Jaap A.; Heederik, Dick

doi:10.3201/eid2106.140706

Cited by 61 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Re-introduction of the in ovo antimicrobial use was similarly associated with an increase in resistance in both cohorts. The temporal pattern of changes in resistance was consistent with a causal effect.The findings of this study are expanded with national-level data from Canada, reported by the Public Health Agency of Canada[22] and the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance[23] (Figure A.4)Additionally, three studies addressed the human question indirectlythat is, they examined whether the introduction of antimicrobials was associated with increased resistance in animals and humans [24][25][26]. A cohort study of pigs and human farm residents, conducted in the Netherlands, found a significant dose-response relationship (across all farms) between the dose of antimicrobial and multi-antimicrobial-resistant livestock associated methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA): 16% increase in odds for a doubling of dose in pigs, and 1.2% increase in odds for a doubling of dose in humans [24].…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Is antimicrobial administration to food animals a direct threat to human health? A rapid systematic review

Scott

Beller

Glasziou

et al. 2018

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

104

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mentioning

confidence: 92%

Is antimicrobial administration to food animals a direct threat to human health? A rapid systematic review

Scott

Beller

Glasziou

et al. 2018

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

104

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“…This potential for widespread transmission and the ramifications of treatment failures are significant, especially considering that nine of the fourteen classes of drugs labelled 'critically important' in public health are also used in livestock systems [5]. Antimicrobial use in the agricultural sector is projected to increase by 67% by the year Netherlands did document overlap between livestock (pigs) and people, the overlap was dependent on intensity of contact and was higher in farming communities [18]. These studies demonstrate that intervention efforts to limit AMR must be tailored to regional and local realities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a bottom-up understanding of antimicrobial use and resistance on the farm: A knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey across livestock systems in five African countries

Caudell¹,

et al. 2020

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The nutritional and economic potentials of livestock systems are compromised by the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. A major driver of resistance is the misuse and abuse of antimicrobial drugs. The likelihood of misuse may be elevated in low-and middleincome countries where limited professional veterinary services and inadequately controlled access to drugs are assumed to promote non-prudent practices (e.g., self-administration of drugs). The extent of these practices, as well as the knowledge and attitudes motivating them, are largely unknown within most agricultural communities in low-and middle-income countries. The main objective of this study was to document dimensions of knowledge, attitudes and practices related to antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in livestock systems and identify the livelihood factors associated with these dimensions. A mixed-methods ethnographic approach was used to survey households keeping layers in Ghana (N = 110) and Kenya (N = 76), pastoralists keeping cattle, sheep, and goats in Tanzania (N = 195), and broiler farmers in Zambia (N = 198), and Zimbabwe (N = 298). Across countries, we find that it is individuals who live or work at the farm who draw upon their knowledge and experiences to make decisions regarding antimicrobial use and related practices. Input from PLOS ONE | https://doi.

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“…EU countries with a high antimicrobial usage (AMU) rank also high in their resistance levels [5]. Therefore, reduced and prudent antimicrobial usage in animals became of high interest in recent years, mainly due to the public health threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) development and possible transmission from the animal to the human population [6-9]. The first efforts in some EU countries show that a reduced usage of antimicrobials results in reduction of resistance levels as well [3, 10], which is the main focus of the international fight against antimicrobial resistance in animal production [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the relationship between the biosecurity status, production parameters, herd characteristics and antimicrobial usage in farrow-to-finish pig production in four EU countries

et al. 2016

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BackgroundHigh antimicrobial usage and the threat of antimicrobial resistance highlighted the need for reduced antimicrobial usage in pig production. Prevention of disease however, is necessary to obtain a reduced need for antimicrobial treatment. This study aimed at assessing possible associations between the biosecurity level, antimicrobial usage and farm and production characteristics in order to advice on best practices for a low antimicrobial usage and maximum animal health and production.A cross-sectional study was conducted in 227 farrow-to-finish pig herds in Belgium, France, Germany and Sweden between December 2012 and December 2013. Associations between biosecurity status, antimicrobial usage, and production parameters were evaluated with multivariable general linear models, according to an assumed causal pathway.ResultsThe results showed that higher antimicrobial usage in sows tended to be associated with higher antimicrobial usage from birth until slaughter (p = 0.06). The antimicrobial usage from birth until slaughter was positively associated with the number of pathogens vaccinated against (p < 0.01). A shorter farrowing rhythm (p < 0.01) and a younger weaning age (p = 0.06) tended to be also associated with a higher antimicrobial usage from birth until slaughter whereas a better external biosecurity (p < 0.01) was related with a lower antimicrobial usage from birth until slaughter.ConclusionManagement practices such as weaning age and biosecurity measures may be important factors indirectly impacting on antimicrobial usage. We therefore promote a holistic approach when assessing the potential to reduce the need for antimicrobial treatments.

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Dose-Response Relationship between Antimicrobial Drugs and Livestock-Associated MRSA in Pig Farming1

Abstract: Decreasing antimicrobial use can lower MRSA prevalence in pigs and subsequently in humans.

Cited by 61 publications

References 29 publications

Is antimicrobial administration to food animals a direct threat to human health? A rapid systematic review

Is antimicrobial administration to food animals a direct threat to human health? A rapid systematic review

Towards a bottom-up understanding of antimicrobial use and resistance on the farm: A knowledge, attitudes, and practices survey across livestock systems in five African countries

Evaluation of the relationship between the biosecurity status, production parameters, herd characteristics and antimicrobial usage in farrow-to-finish pig production in four EU countries

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