Dose-response relationships for inorganic lead

Zielhuis, R. L.

doi:10.1007/bf01266323

Cited by 70 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This sigmoidal shape is very much in agreement with biological studies in which the effect of increasing Pb concentrations on measured blood parameters shows a similar sigmoidal shape (Zielhuis, 1975). This provides some supporting evidence to our original hypotheses that it is the effect of Pb on human development that eventually leads to increased crime.…”

Section: Sensitivity Checksupporting

confidence: 79%

The effect of lead in soil on crime deprivation in Derby, Leicester and Nottingham

Cave

Wragg

Lister

2018

Applied Geochemistry

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The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that soil Pb is associated with criminality in selected urban environments within the UK. The study used geological and geochemical information and soil Pb data from Derby, Leicester and Nottingham, collected as part of a geochemical survey of urban soils. Crime and other associated socio-economic data were provided by a national survey on deprivation in the UK. The data were modelled using crime deprivation as the dependant variable and Pb, Sn and Ce in soil as well as three socio-economic factors associated with personal deprivation, population density and environmental deprivation as predictor variables.Both the generalised linear and the random forest modelling strategies showed that the socio-economic predictor variables and spatial associations were important in predicting crime deprivation. Pb and the two other soil chemistry parameters (Sn and Ce) were not important predictors of crime deprivation in Leicester and Nottingham.Pb and its interactions with spatial and socio-economic factors were, however, shown to have a significant effect on crime deprivation in Derby. The random forest model for Derby showed that there was an antagonistic interaction effect between Pb in soil and personal deprivation. The random forest model was used to produce "dose-response" 2 curves of the effect of Pb in soil on crime deprivation under different spatial and socioeconomic conditions.

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Section: Sensitivity Checksupporting

confidence: 79%

The effect of lead in soil on crime deprivation in Derby, Leicester and Nottingham

Cave

Wragg

Lister

2018

Applied Geochemistry

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“…In addition, the much lower PbB threshold for the inhibition of ALAD in children than adults may also explain the lower K , value. 37 The K , value for the addition of Et,PbAc to human erythrocytic ALAD was calculated to be 130.57 pM, which is substantially higher than the value for inorganic lead ( K , = 0.77 pM) and, like the 15(' values, indicates that Pb(N0,)* is a far more potent inhibitor of ALAD than Et,PbAc. On the other hand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of the effects of inorganic and alkyllead compounds on human erythrocytic δ‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity in vitro

Burns

Godwin

1991

J of Applied Toxicology

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A study comprising two experiments comparing the effects of the alkyllead compounds triethyllead acetate and tetraethyllead as well as an inorganic lead compound (Pb(NO&) on human erythrocytic 6-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity was undertaken. In Experiment I , four human blood samples were pre-incubated for 0 min or 60 min with increasing concentrations (0-1000 pM) of triethyllead acetate, tetraethyllead and Pb(N03)*, and the 6-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity was determined. There was no discernible inhibitory effect of tetraethyllead at any concentration, with or without pre-incubation. Pb(N03)2 showed a distinct effect at an addition concentration of I pM, with a substantial inhibition only following pre-incubation. Triethyllead acetate showed no difference in effect with pre-incubation. In the second experiment, the activating effects of zinc chloride (60 p M ) and dithiothreitol (20 mM) on 6-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity were examined on four human blood samples in the presence of varying concentrations of Pb(N03)z (0-50 pM) and triethyllead acetate (0-1000 pM). The addition of zinc chloride alone showed little effect on enzyme activity, while dithiothreitol alone caused a substantial activation of the enzyme at all lead concentrations. The addition of both zinc chloride and dithiothreitol caused an even greater activation of the enzyme. The data indicate that Pb(NOJ)2 is a much more potent inhibitor of 6-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity than triethyllead acetate (Ki values of 0.77 p M versus 130.37 pM, respectively). The use of 6-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity as an indicator of exposure may be questionable in cases of alkyllead exposure. Possible causes for differences in the inhibition of 6-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase by these compounds is also discussed.

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“…Lead has several biochemical effects that interfer with many enzymes involved in the heme synthesis such as the erythrocytic 6-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase which, in this respect, is considered one of the best indicators of recent lead intoxication (25)(26)(27). This enzyme is totally inhibited at blood lead concentrations higher than 70 to 80 pg/100 ml (28), although a PbB concentration of 10 pg/100 ml reduces ALAD activity in 10% of persons (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability of biologically detoxified lead: risks arising from consumption of polluted mussels.

Regoli

Orlando

1994

Environ Health Perspect

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The possible risk for human health arising from consumption of lead-polluted shellfish was suggested by experiments on the bioavailability for mice of a "biologically detoxified" form of the metal. In this work, young mice were fed with a mixed diet including mussels collected in a Pb-polluted area. Metal concentrations in blood, kidney, liver, urine, and feces and the activity of erythrocytic &aminolevulinic acid dehydratase were determined after 1, 2, and 4 weeks. Comparisons were made with mice treated with balanced diet, mixed diet including control mussels, and drinking water with lead dissolved as acetate. In mice fed polluted mussels, lead concentrations increased in blood, kidney, and liver, whereas no significant accumulation was observed in urine. Different responses in mice treated with Pb(CH3COO)2 in drinking water are probably due to the diversity of lead chemical form in the two treatments. Our results demonstrate the bioavailability of biologically detoxified lead that can be transferred to a consumer with possible consequences also for human health. Environ Health Perspect 1 02(Suppl 3): 335-338 (1994).

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Dose-response relationships for inorganic lead

Cited by 70 publications

References 28 publications

The effect of lead in soil on crime deprivation in Derby, Leicester and Nottingham

The effect of lead in soil on crime deprivation in Derby, Leicester and Nottingham

A comparison of the effects of inorganic and alkyllead compounds on human erythrocytic δ‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity in vitro

Bioavailability of biologically detoxified lead: risks arising from consumption of polluted mussels.

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