Dose-Response Study of Droperidol and Metoclopramide as Antiemetics for Outpatient Anesthesia

Pandit, Sujit K.; Kothary, Sarla P.; Pandit, Uma A.; Randel, Gail I.; Levy, Loren

doi:10.1213/00000539-198906000-00021

Cited by 96 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…So we chose a dose of 2.5 mg droperidol, although recent data have suggested that a dose of 20 µg·kg −1 [10] or lower [7] might also be effective. In this study, group 1 patients received droperidol at the start of surgery to avoid any delayed awakening from the anesthesia, although droperidol is most effective when administered at the end of surgery [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of droperidol decreases postoperative nausea and vomiting after gynecological laparoscopy

2007

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We evaluated whether or not routine prophylaxis with 2.5 mg of droperidol would efficiently prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Fifty-two patients scheduled for elective gynecological laparoscopic surgery were eligible for this study. Anesthesia was induced using propofol, fentanyl, and vecuronium, and maintained with sevoflurane in nitrous oxide, fentanyl, and vecuronium. Patients were randomized to one of two groups: group 1 patients (n = 23) received 2.5 mg droperidol intravenously when the surgery was started, while group 2 patients (n = 29) did not receive any droperidol. At the conclusion of the surgery, the patient was extubated on satisfactory emergence from general anesthesia. Any episodes of nausea and vomiting, rescue medications, and adverse effects were recorded until the next morning after the surgery. There were no differences in the duration of anesthesia on surgery between the groups, but the total fentanyl dose in group 1 was higher than that in group 2. Episodes of nausea and vomiting and the need for metoclopramide in group 1 were lower than in group 2, though the total fentanyl dose in group 1 was higher than in group 2. There were no differences in the need for analgesics between the groups. The use of 2.5 mg droperidol safely decreased PONV after gynecological laparoscopy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of droperidol decreases postoperative nausea and vomiting after gynecological laparoscopy

2007

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“…Use of nausea and emesis in approximately half the children lower doses does reduce the adverse effects but also in the placebo group in the present study. After a single results in a loss of efficacy (10,18). However, low dose of ondansetron 0.1 mg·kg −1 , PONV occurred doses of droperidol (5-20 g·kg −1 ) are commonly in only about one third of children undergoing used and have been extensively used in children adenotonsillectomy and the severity of nausea was undergoing strabismus surgery, general day case reduced in a well tolerated and cost effective manner.…”

Section: Towards An Optimum Anaesthetic Technique Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, low dose of ondansetron 0.1 mg·kg −1 , PONV occurred doses of droperidol (5-20 g·kg −1 ) are commonly in only about one third of children undergoing used and have been extensively used in children adenotonsillectomy and the severity of nausea was undergoing strabismus surgery, general day case reduced in a well tolerated and cost effective manner. surgery and ENT surgery (18)(19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Towards An Optimum Anaesthetic Technique Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Ondansetron reduces nausea and vomiting after paediatric adenotonsillectomy

Morton

Camu

Dorman

et al. 1997

Pediatric Anesthesia

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SummaryThe efficacy, safety and resource implications of a single intravenous dose of ondansetron (0.1 mg·kg −1 , maximum 4 mg) were assessed in a multinational, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial of 427 children aged 1-12 years, undergoing tonsillectomy with/without adenoidectomy. Emesis (retching and/or vomiting) and nausea were analysed separately. Significantly more ondansetron-treated children had no episodes of emesis (127/212 (60%) vs 100/215 (47%); P=0.004) and experienced no postoperative nausea (135/211 (64%) vs 108/213 (51%); P=0.004) in the first 24 h. Ondansetron also reduced the number of emetic episodes (P<0.001), the time to the first emetic episode (P<0.001) and overall nausea severity (P=0.003). Significantly fewer ondansetron-treated children were rescued or withdrawn from the study (5% vs 10%; P=0.042). Fewer ondansetron-treated patients required nursing intervention (34% vs 45%; P=0.007) and the average intervention time was significantly shorter (4.6 vs 8.1 minutes; P=0.001). Resources used to manage PONV were significantly reduced by ondansetron (43% vs 57%; P=0.014).

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“…However, Doze et al 19 found that the incidence of emesis decreased from 39% to 19% when metoclopramide was added to droperidol 30 min before the induction of anaesthesia in patients undergoing midterm trimester abortion, raising the possibility that there may be a latency of onset of action for metoclopramide. That the timing of administration might be important for metoclopramide to be effective was not confirmed by Pandit et al 13 who found no difference between the patients receiving metoclopramide 10 mg and those receiving placebo 30 min before the induction of anesthesia for outpatient laparoscopy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metoclopramide does not decrease the incidence of nausea and vomiting after alfentanil for outpatient anaesthesia

et al. 1991

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Dose-Response Study of Droperidol and Metoclopramide as Antiemetics for Outpatient Anesthesia

Cited by 96 publications

References 0 publications

The use of droperidol decreases postoperative nausea and vomiting after gynecological laparoscopy

The use of droperidol decreases postoperative nausea and vomiting after gynecological laparoscopy

Ondansetron reduces nausea and vomiting after paediatric adenotonsillectomy

Metoclopramide does not decrease the incidence of nausea and vomiting after alfentanil for outpatient anaesthesia

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