DOSIMETRY AND TEMPERATURE EVALUATIONS OF A 1800 MHz TEM CELL FOR IN VITRO EXPOSURE WITH STANDING WAVES

Zhao, Jian; Lü, Hongmin; Deng, Jun

doi:10.2528/pier11091204

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The effects of EM radiation have also been studied on living organisms [7][8][9][10][11][12], and in diabetic blood cells [13,14]. Study of sugar levels on blood samples is important since both the red and white blood cells require D-glucose uptake for survival and function [15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Study of High Blood Glucose Concentration Effects of 850 MHZ Electromagnetic Fields Using Gtem Cell

Boriraksantikul¹,

Bhattacharyya²,

Whiteside³

et al. 2012

PIER B

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Abstract-The effect of 850 MHz electromagnetic radiation on diabetic blood at 2 W and 60 W power levels was investigated and compared with normal blood cells. The power levels respectively represent radiations from a cell phone and the cell phone tower, both operating 850 MHz. A GTEM cell was designed for the tests to generate the desired uniform electromagnetic field and power in a shielded environment. Blood samples, having normal and high glucose concentrations, were placed in the usable area inside the GTEM cell for 10, 30, 60 minutes and the glucose levels and red and white blood cell viabilities were monitored and compared with the controls. Results show that the 850 MHz exposure significantly influences the blood cell counts and the glucose level in both normal and high glucose blood samples. In cell survivability analysis in normal blood samples it was found that the white blood cells are significantly higher than the control at 60 min exposure from cell phone radiation, while both the white and red blood cell are significantly higher following a 30 min exposure from tower radiation. For high glucose blood tests at 30 and 60 min exposure times, the tower radiation for 60 min and the cell phone radiation at both the exposure times show significantly changes in white blood cell counts, whereas there was no effect in red blood cells. Also, for 30 and 60 min exposure times, the glucose

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Study of High Blood Glucose Concentration Effects of 850 MHZ Electromagnetic Fields Using Gtem Cell

Boriraksantikul¹,

Bhattacharyya²,

Whiteside³

et al. 2012

PIER B

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show abstract

“…Interest in using TEM cells increased over the last decades; both experimental and computer simulation tools were developed, for various endpoints [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Since the field homogeneity volume inside the TEM cell depends on the ratio between the cell's dimensions and the frequency band at which it is operated, knowing the internal field distribution inside, is a requirement for the design of a proper experiment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Validation of a Tem Cell Used for Radiofrequency Dosimetric Studies

Iftode¹,

Miclăuș²

2012

PIER

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Abstract-A Transverse Electromagnetic Mode (TEM) cell is an interesting option for studying the biological effects of radiofrequency radiation at reduced scale (in vitro studies).Controlled and well-characterized exposure conditions are essential for a conclusive investigation: the biological sample is exposed to a uniform incident electromagnetic wave and the dose of absorbed radiation is precisely determined and correlated with the effect. Unfortunately, experimental dosimetry is often unavailable or inapplicable, so that a precharacterized and validated experimental setup is most valuable. As such, the primary objective of the present work is to experimentally validate a computational model of a self-built TEM cell designed for bioelectromagnetic experiments in the 100 MHz-1 GHz frequency range. Validation is achieved by comparing the computed vs. measured values for three significant parameters: scattering parameters, incident electric field distribution, and absorbed power in a set of liquid samples. Successful validation and characterization is achieved by using CST Microwave Studio's finite integration technique (FIT), and respectively a network analyzer for the experimental setup. The secondary objective is a dosimetric study of four different liquid samples loaded in the cell. The absorption coefficient (AC) is used, assimilated to the specific absorption rate (SAR) of energy deposition in the entire sample volume. AC is shown to converge in experiment and simulation up to 800 MHz for all samples. AC doesn't depend directly on the samples' volume (despite greater volumes frequently showing higher absorption) but rather upon the internal field distribution, which in turn mostly depends on the frequency and on the dimensions of the liquid samples.

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“…Moreover, it should provide an error estimation in order to minimize uncertainty and guarantee the correctness of the solution for each model. Several numerical methods have been employed for Petri dish simulations exposed to EM fields in different configurations, e.g., [3,20,21,16,1,22,23]. Approaches based on differential formulations are mainly used because of their flexibility to deal with complex geometrical and material configurations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-accuracy adaptive modeling of the energy distribution of a meniscus-shaped cell culture in a Petri dish

Gomez-Revuelto

Garcı́a-Castillo

Pardo

2015

Journal of Computational Science

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Cylindrical Petri dishes embedded in a rectangular waveguide and exposed to a polarized electromagnetic wave are often used to grow cell cultures. To guarantee the success of these cultures, it is necessary to enforce that the specific absorption rate distribution is sufficiently high and uniform over the Petri dish. Accurate numerical simulations are needed to design such systems. These simulations constitute a challenge due to the strong discontinuity of electromagnetic material properties involved, the relative low field value within the dish cultures compared with the rest of the domain, and the presence of the meniscus shape developed at the liquid boundary. The latter greatly increases the level of complexity of the model in terms of geometry and intensity of the gradients/singularities of the field solution. In here, we employ a three-dimensional (3D) hp-adaptive finite element method using isoparametric elements to obtain highly accurate simulations. We analyze the impact of the geometrical modeling of the meniscus shape cell culture in the hp-adaptivity. Numerical results showing the error convergence history indicate the numerical difficulties arisen due to the presence of a meniscus-shaped object. At the same time, the resulting energy distribution shows that to consider such meniscus shape is essential to guarantee the success of the cell culture from the biological point of view.

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DOSIMETRY AND TEMPERATURE EVALUATIONS OF A 1800 MHz TEM CELL FOR IN VITRO EXPOSURE WITH STANDING WAVES

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Case Study of High Blood Glucose Concentration Effects of 850 MHZ Electromagnetic Fields Using Gtem Cell

Case Study of High Blood Glucose Concentration Effects of 850 MHZ Electromagnetic Fields Using Gtem Cell

Design and Validation of a Tem Cell Used for Radiofrequency Dosimetric Studies

High-accuracy adaptive modeling of the energy distribution of a meniscus-shaped cell culture in a Petri dish

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