Dot‐like Hemosiderin Spots on Gradient Echo T2*‐Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Are Associated With Past History of Small Vessel Disease in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Imaizumi, Toshio; Horita, Yoshifumi; Chiba, M; Hashimoto, Yuji; Honma, Toshimi; Niwa, Jun

doi:10.1111/j.1552-6569.2004.tb00247.x

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…27,38,40-43 This variability may be due to the heterogeneity of ischemic stroke per se , or to differences in recruited populations, rating strategies, and MRI parameters. Two studies investigating CMB frequency in different ischemic stroke subtypes found that CMBs were less frequent in cardioembolic stroke than in atherothrombotic stroke or lacunar stroke 28,44.…”

Section: Prevalence and Associated Factors For Cerebral Microbleedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Microbleeds: Their Associated Factors, Radiologic Findings, and Clinical Implications

Kim

Lee

2013

J Stroke

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Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are tiny, round dark-signal lesions that are most often detected on gradient-echo MR images. CMBs consist of extravasations of blood components through fragile microvascular walls characterized by lipohyalinosis and surrounding macrophages. The prevalence of CMBs in elderly subjects with no history of cerebrovascular disease is around 5%, but is much higher in patients with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Development of CMBs is closely related to various vascular risk factors; in particular, lobar CMBs are thought to be associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy. The presence of CMBs has been hypothesized to reflect cerebral-hemorrhage-prone status in patients with hypertension or amyloid microangiopathy. Stroke survivors with CMBs have been consistently found to have an elevated risk of subsequent hemorrhagic stroke or an antithrombotic-related hemorrhagic complication, although studies have failed to establish a link between CMBs and hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolytic treatment. A large prospective study is required to clarify the clinical significance of CMBs and their utility in a decision-making index.

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Section: Prevalence and Associated Factors For Cerebral Microbleedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Microbleeds: Their Associated Factors, Radiologic Findings, and Clinical Implications

Kim

Lee

2013

J Stroke

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“…These lesions, composed pathologically of clusters of hemosiderin-containing macrophages, which are often perivascular,7,8 appear as round hypointense foci on gradient recalled-echo (GRE) MR imaging sequences weighted for magnetic susceptibility effects. They are particularly prevalent in association with hemorrhagic stroke due to cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)9 or hypertensive vasculopathy10,11 but can also be seen with ischemic stroke,12 Alzheimer disease,13,14 cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarctions and leukoencephalopathy,15 or normal aging 5,6. CMB have been suggested as potential markers of a hemorrhage-prone state12,16,17 or of vascular cognitive impairment 18…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

MR Imaging Detection of Cerebral Microbleeds: Effect of Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging, Section Thickness, and Field Strength

Nandigam¹,

Viswanathan²,

Delgado³

et al. 2008

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

366

286

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The emergence of cerebral microbleeds (CMB) as common MR imaging findings raises the question of how MR imaging parameters influence CMB detection. To evaluate the effects of modified gradient recalled-echo (GRE) MR imaging methods, we performed an analysis of sequence, section thickness, and field strength on CMB imaging properties and detection in subjects with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), a condition associated with microhemorrhage.

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“…Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are deposits of hemosiderin easily identified in T2*-weighted gradient-echo MRI sequences as they are residues of small hemorrhages [44]. CMBs are currently regarded as evidence of cerebral small artery disease [45] and therefore are associated with leukoaraiosis and lacunar and hemorrhagic strokes [46]. There is considerable debate concerning the potential increased risk of ICH in patients with CMBs who are on antiplatelet therapy.…”

Section: Antiplatelet Agents and Cerebral Microbleedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the number of CMBs was also significantly higher in the group of patients with ICH (mean number of microbleeds, 13 vs. 0.2; P <0.001). Conversely, patients with CMBs have an excess risk for ischemic stroke when compared to those without CMBs [46]. Based on the present evidence, the use of antithrombotic therapy should not be based on the presence or absence of CMBs.…”

Section: Antiplatelet Agents and Cerebral Microbleedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status of Antiplatelet Agents to Prevent Stroke

Field

Benavente

2010

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

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Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability; most are due to atherothrombotic mechanisms. About one third of ischemic strokes are preceded by other stroke or transient ischemic attacks. Stroke survivors are at high risk for vascular events (i.e., cerebrovascular and cardiovascular). Prevention of recurrent stroke and other major vascular events can be accomplished by control of risk factors. Nonetheless, the use of antiplatelet agents remains the fundamental component of secondary stroke prevention strategy in patients with noncardioembolic disease. Currently, the uses of aspirin, clopidogrel, or aspirin plus extended-release dipyridamole are valid alternatives for stroke or transient ischemic attack patients. To maximize the beneficial effects of these agents, the treatment should be initiated as early as possible and continue on a lifelong basis.

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Dot‐like Hemosiderin Spots on Gradient Echo T2*‐Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Are Associated With Past History of Small Vessel Disease in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Abstract: The findings suggest that deep and subcortical dotHSs on T2*-w MRI may indicate the severity of microangiopathy and may predict recurrence of SVD in patients with deep ICH.

Cited by 39 publications

References 17 publications

Cerebral Microbleeds: Their Associated Factors, Radiologic Findings, and Clinical Implications

Cerebral Microbleeds: Their Associated Factors, Radiologic Findings, and Clinical Implications

MR Imaging Detection of Cerebral Microbleeds: Effect of Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging, Section Thickness, and Field Strength

Current Status of Antiplatelet Agents to Prevent Stroke

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