Double burden of nutritional disorders in young Iranian children: findings of a nationwide screening survey

Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil; Kelishadi, Roya; Amirkhani, Mohammad Amir; Ziaoddini, Hasan; Dashti, Marziyeh; Aminaee, Tahereh; Ardalan, Gelayol; Mirmoghtadaee, Parisa; Keshavarz, Sousan; Poursafa, Parinaz

doi:10.1017/s1368980010002399

Cited by 44 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…We confirmed substantial differences in the regional distribution of BMI and height for age index, which is consistent with other nationwide studies (3, 18-21). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Growth Disorders Among 6-Year-Old Iranian Children

Kelishadi

Amiri

Motlagh

et al. 2014

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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Background:Sociodemographic factors are important determinants of weight disorders. National representative studies provide a view on this health problem at national and regional levels.Objectives:This study aimed to assess the distribution of growth disorders in terms of body mass index (BMI) and height in 6-year-old Iranian children using geographical information system (GIS).Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional nationwide survey, all Iranian children entering public and private elementary schools were examined in a mandatory national screening program in 2009. Descriptive analysis was used to calculate the prevalence of underweight, overweight, obesity, and short stature. Then, ArcGIS software was used to draw the figures.Results:The study population consisted of 955388 children (48.5% girls and 76.5% urban). Overall, 20% of children were underweight, and 14.3% had high BMI, consisted of 10.9% overweight and 3.4% obese. The corresponding figure for short stature was 6.6%; however, these growth disorders were not equally distributed across various provinces.Conclusions:Our results confirmed unequal distribution of BMI and height of 6-year-old children in Iran generally and in most of its provinces particularly. The differences among provinces cannot be fully explained by the socioeconomic pattern. These findings necessitate a comprehensive national policy with provincial evidence-based programs.

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“…We confirmed substantial differences in the regional distribution of BMI and height for age index, which is consistent with other nationwide studies (3, 18-21). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Growth Disorders Among 6-Year-Old Iranian Children

Kelishadi

Amiri

Motlagh

et al. 2014

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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“…Interestingly, with approximately 17 % of these individuals exhibiting a high BMI-for-age according to internationally recognised standards, and 32 % having a low BMI-for-age, the results of this study highlight the ‘double burden’ commonly observed in newly developed and developing countries ( 19 ) . Indeed, these values are almost identical to those reported in Iranian children ( 20 ) and exhibit a similar pattern those of the Seychelles ( 21 ) . These data are also in agreement with a recently published report of BMI among 9- to 10-year-old Mauritius children ( 22 ) , and a small-scale study investigating secondary school children in Mauritius in 2008 ( 23 ) , perhaps indicating a relative stability in BMI distribution which merits large-scale follow-up investigation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

BMI and cardiovascular function in children and adolescents of Mauritius Island

et al. 2013

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Among countries which have undergone a rapid socio-economic and nutrition transition over the past few decades, the Indian Ocean island of Mauritius is among those with the greatest surge in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and CVD. The aim of the present study was to characterise the BMI and cardiovascular functions of children and adolescents of this at-risk population. Data were collected through measurements of anthropometry, resting heart rate and blood pressure in a nationally representative sample (n 2489) of children (5–10 years) and adolescents (11–18 years), and analysed according to sex and ethnic identity: South Asian Hindus and Muslims (both of Indian ancestry), Creole (of varying degrees of African ancestry) and Chinese (of mainland China ancestry). Based on standards of the WHO or International Obesity Task Force, one in six of these young individuals exhibit a high BMI-for-age. Analysis by ethnicity revealed that Creole males and females show higher BMI-for-age but also lower heart rate (P < 0·001) even after adjustment for BMI. Additionally, Chinese males and females show higher systolic blood pressure (P < 0·01), independently of BMI. None of these ethnic differences could be related to household income, diet type (vegetarian v. non-vegetarian) or to fruit consumption. This study in children and adolescents of this multi-ethnic at-risk population for CVD reveal ethnic differences in BMI-for-age as well as consistent BMI-independent ethnic differences in heart rate and systolic blood pressure. These findings underscore the need to establish the BMI–fat % relationship across the various ethnic groups and for more detailed investigations about their differences in lifestyle and dietary habits that might explain their differential cardiovascular functions prior to adulthood.

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“…A total number of 155,839 children and adolescents up to 20 years old were included from the selected studies. [91011131417181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768697071727374757677787980818283848586] Comparison of the overall estimates in different age group represents that the overweight and obesity prevalence for children between 6- and 12-year-old is minimum for boys and girls, but in all age categories the overweight girls prevalence are higher than boys while the obesity boys prevalence are higher than girls [Table 1]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the role of standard references on the prevalence of Iranian children and adolescents' overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Ghanbari

Ayatollahi

2016

J Res Med Sci

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Background:Obesity is a major risk factor for chronic diseases and has a role on high blood pressure, diabetes type II, etc., This review assesses the prevalence of Iranian children obesity and overweight for different age categories and compares the three standard definitions of obesity.Materials and Methods:To retrieve desirable studies concerning childhood anthropometric data from different area of Iran, the MEDLINE, Scopus, and different local databases such as Scientific Information database were used. The studies reported the prevalence of obesity or overweight of children < 6, 6–12, and 12–20 years old, despite differences between definitions of childhood obesity, were included in the study. We combined the reported prevalence of the overweight and obesity with regard to age and gender, and also by the different standard references which are the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the World Health Organization (WHO) definition, and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) references. The analysis was carried out using STATA software.Results:Our review covered 75 articles reported the prevalence of overweight or obesity among children and adolescents for different age groups in Iran. Our meta-regression analysis showed that the prevalence of obesity and overweight did not vary significantly in gender and age categories, but different definitions provide different prevalence of overweight and obesity.Conclusion:The effective factors on obesity and overweight included administration policy and organizational, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and social factors. CDC and WHO references intended in monitoring children's growth and the IOTF cutoffs would rather provide a common set of definitions that researchers and policymakers could use for descriptive and comparative purposes.

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Double burden of nutritional disorders in young Iranian children: findings of a nationwide screening survey

Cited by 44 publications

References 32 publications

Growth Disorders Among 6-Year-Old Iranian Children

Growth Disorders Among 6-Year-Old Iranian Children

BMI and cardiovascular function in children and adolescents of Mauritius Island

Comparing the role of standard references on the prevalence of Iranian children and adolescents' overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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