In this paper, we proposed a novel variable operation of a DC-OFS based on double SFG+DFG nonlinearity process with double-pass configuration for the first time. In this scheme, the available nonlinear crystal length is used twice: forward for SFG and backward for DFG in each conversion and this device is called double-pass SFG+DFG wavelength converter as the SF wave propagates twice in the waveguide. We used the novel multiple-quasi-phase-matched LiNbO 3 (M-QPM-LN) waveguides having the continuously-phase-modulated domain structure, which can be operated by multiple pump wavelengths with minimum loss of efficiency. The frequency spacing of control signal-a is twice as large as the control signal-b. Conversion bandwidth is the frequency difference of control signal-b and control signal-a. We discussed Double-SFG+DFG-OFS with double-pass configuration theoretically and gave the formula of the input power of input signal, the two controlling light and pump light, which proposed a simple and feasible way to optimize the performance of the device. In this scheme, the advantages of the cascaded SFG+DFG scheme and the DC-OFS scheme are combined to a great extent. We believe this double-pass cascaded SFG+DFG DC-OFS must be better than singlepass cascaded SFG+DFG DC-OFS for constructing future flexible photonic networks.
NTRODUCTIONFuture optical networks will explore the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology to take full advantage of the wide bandwidth of the fiber, in order to accommodate the rapidly increasing demand on the communication capacity in a cost effective manner. It is foreseen that all optical wavelength conversion is an important function in future wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) optical networks [1] , and is an important method of enhancing routing optical and network properties such as reconfigurability, nonblocking capability, and wavelength reuse [2] .Among numerous demonstrated wavelength conversion techniques [1] , wave-mixing wavelength conversion [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] based on QPM allows us to satisfy the phase-matching condition by setting an appropriate modulation period, and enables the highly efficient wavelength conversion of arbitrary wavelength combinations in the wavelength region where the material is transparent [3] . Efficient QPM-based wavelength conversion has been demonstrated using a periodically poled LiNbO 3 waveguide [4] . Another feature of the QPM technique is that we can extend the functionality of the wavelength converter by using an engineered grating ) 2 (x [5] . Several grating structures and their applications have been proposed including segmented gratings ) 2 (x [6] , phase-shifted gratings [7] , modulated gratings for broad-band phase matching [8], [9] , a chirped grating for pulse compression [10] , and modulated gratings for multiple QPM [11]-[17] .The variable wavelength converter can further enhance the flexibility of network systems by facilitating reconfigurable dynamic wavelength routing [5]. One of appro...