Double-diffusive stagnation point flow over a vertical surface with thermal radiation: Assisting and opposing flows

Abstract

In numerous industrial procedures, the main concern of design engineers is ensuring adequate heat and mass transfer, such as in the heating and cooling practices of solar water heaters, geothermal systems, extrusion of metal, insulation of buildings, electronics, turbines, aerodynamics, electronics, paper manufacturing, and glass fiber production. The unsteady double-diffusive mixed convection flow of boundary layer nanofluids above a vertical region near stagnation point flow is developed and examined here. The Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects are incorporated by using Buongiorno's model. In the thermal energy equations, diffusion of regular and cross types is also used. By the use of the local similarity method along with suitable similarity transformations, nonlinear unsteady partial differential equations are converted to nonlinear ordinary differential equations and are numerically solved by the Keller–Box method. The investigation expresses that these profiles of solute concentration and nanoparticle concentration, temperature, and velocity in their boundary layers, respectively, depending on several parameters. A graphic analysis of all these parameters' possessions on nature's boundary layers is depicted. The highest rate of heat transfer is obtained with negligible thermophoresis effect. Furthermore, it is perceived that an increase in Nc and Nt results in a reduction in the reduced Sherwood number of nanoparticles, whereas addition results in an increase in the Nb number. There is a reverse effect on the temperature field and layer thickness for heat generation. In the wake of the above-mentioned potential applications, the current study of fluid flow has been found to be very interesting and innovative in the analysis of the influence of Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects near stagnation point flow, which will further make revolutions in industrial fields. Moreover, Buongiorno's model predicts the characteristics of double-diffusive fluids in enhancing heat transfers. This investigation has been established as a result of the numerous industrial applications mentioned above.

Triple-diffusive free convection enhancement at the stagnation point on moving sheet under the influence of hall effect and mass flux

“…The investigation specifically addressed in situations where the plate experiences alterations within its own plane. Islam et al 23 conducted study by taking into account the complex effects of thermal radiation and differentiating between assisting and opposing flows, the investigation focuses on the double-diffusive stagnation point flow over a vertical surface. This study offers important insights into the behavior of the thermal and concentration boundary layers In order to better understand the thermal properties of these intricate fluid dynamics scenarios, a thorough stability analysis by Bakar et al 24 is carried out to examine the behavior of mixed convection nanofluid flow within a permeable porous medium, taking into account the significant effects of radiation and internal heat generation.…”

Mathematical investigation of nanoparticle aggregation and heat transfer on mixed convective stagnation point flow of nanofluid over extendable vertical Riga plate

“…Prior to 1987, theoretical work on 'laminar and turbulent mixed convection boundary layer flows' by Gebhart et al [5] may be found. In addition to the works already mentioned, references [6,7] contain other noteworthy publications on mixed convection.…”