Double Dissociation of Hangul and Hanja Reading in Korean Patients with Stroke

Kwon, Miseon; Kim, Jong Seung; Lee, Jae Hong; Sim, Hyeonsub; Nam, Kichun; Park, Heasuk

doi:10.1159/000090709

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In our patient, the competence of semantic knowledge of ideogram is quite similar to that of visual objects, suggesting that a common neural mechanism underlies the semantic recognition process for both ideogram and objects. Moreover, it may reflect the role of the right hemisphere in reading ideogram12 and supports the different processing of phonograms and ideograms in the Korean orthographic system 10,12…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

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Optic Aphasia: A Case Study

Kwon

Lee

2006

J Clin Neurol

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Optic aphasia is a rare syndrome in which patients are unable to name visually presented objects but have no difficulty in naming those objects on tactile or verbal presentation. We report a 79-year-old man who exhibited anomic aphasia after a left posterior cerebral artery territory infarction. His naming ability was intact on tactile and verbal semantic presentation. The results of the systematic assessment of visual processing of objects and letters indicated that he had optic aphasia with mixed features of visual associative agnosia. Interestingly, although he had difficulty reading Hanja (an ideogram), he could point to Hanja letters on verbal description of their meaning, suggesting that the processes of recognizing objects and Hanja share a common mechanism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…did not experience any problems in this test. The Korean orthographic system consists of both phonograms (Hangul) and ideograms (Hanja), and a double dissociation between the processing of the orthographies have been proposed 10. Thus, the tests for both Hangul and Hanja reading were performed.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optic Aphasia: A Case Study

Kwon

Lee

2006

J Clin Neurol

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“…Transformation of Hangul graphemes into phonemes appears to occur in the AG, while transfer of Hanja graphemes occurs in the area of LSPC or BA7 (Fig. 4C, D) (1, 7, 11, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22) and then to the Broca's area (BA44, 45). In this scheme, the role of the LSPC is still unclear but it is one of the high visual association area believed to be responsible for high level visual information processing (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Substrates of Hanja (Logogram) and Hangul (Phonogram) Character Readings by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

et al. 2014

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The two basic scripts of the Korean writing system, Hanja (the logography of the traditional Korean character) and Hangul (the more newer Korean alphabet), have been used together since the 14th century. While Hanja character has its own morphemic base, Hangul being purely phonemic without morphemic base. These two, therefore, have substantially different outcomes as a language as well as different neural responses. Based on these linguistic differences between Hanja and Hangul, we have launched two studies; first was to find differences in cortical activation when it is stimulated by Hanja and Hangul reading to support the much discussed dual-route hypothesis of logographic and phonological routes in the brain by fMRI (Experiment 1). The second objective was to evaluate how Hanja and Hangul affect comprehension, therefore, recognition memory, specifically the effects of semantic transparency and morphemic clarity on memory consolidation and then related cortical activations, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (Experiment 2). The first fMRI experiment indicated relatively large areas of the brain are activated by Hanja reading compared to Hangul reading. The second experiment, the recognition memory study, revealed two findings, that is there is only a small difference in recognition memory for semantic transparency, while for the morphemic clarity was much larger between Hanja and Hangul. That is the morphemic clarity has significantly more effect than semantic transparency on recognition memory when studies by fMRI in correlation with behavioral study.Graphical Abstract

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“…However, the anatomical lesions that resulted in selective Hangul reading impairment and characteristics of language disturbances in their patient were different from those of our patient. The patient in the previous study had an ischemic lesion of the left postcentral gyrus, the inferior parietal lobule, and the posterior insula and showed Broca's type of aphasia [4]. Due to the Broca's aphasia, the reading ability of the patient was assessed by matching words and objects, and by choosing the matched one among five words after listening to the word; this differs from the usual procedure such as reading aloud.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One case study reported a Korean patient with alexia and agraphia for Hanja but in-tact reading and writing for Hangul following a left posterior inferior temporal lobe infarction [3]. Another study showed a double dissociation of Hangul and Hanja reading and that the prominent alexia for Hangul was caused by an infarction in the left inferior parietal lobe, while the profound alexia for Hanja was caused by a cerebral hemorrhage in the left parietal lobe [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociative Disturbance in Hangul-Hanja Reading after a Left Posterior Occipital Lesion

Park

Yoon

2008

Behavioural Neurology

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Since the Korean language has two distinct writing systems, phonogram (Hangul) and ideogram (Hanja: Chinese characters), alexia can present with dissociative disturbances in reading between the two systems. A 74-year-old right-handed man presented with a prominent reading impairment in Hangul with agraphia of both Hangul and Hanja after a left posterior occipital- parietal lesion. He could not recognize single syllable words and nonwords in Hangul, and visual errors were predominant in both Hanja reading and the Korean Boston Naming Test. In addition, he had difficulties in visuoperceptual tests including Judgment of Line Orientation, Hierarchical Navon figures, and complex picture scanning. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that Hangul reading impairment results from a general visual perceptual deficit. However, this assumption cannot explain why performance on visually complex Hanja was better than performance on visually simple Hanja in our patient. In addition, the patient did not demonstrate higher accuracy on Hanja characters with fewer strokes than on words with more strokes. Thus, we speculate that the left posterior occipital area may be specialized for Hangul letter identification in this patient. This case demonstrates that Hangul-Hanja reading dissociation impairment can occur after occipital-parietal lesions.

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Double Dissociation of Hangul and Hanja Reading in Korean Patients with Stroke

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Optic Aphasia: A Case Study

Optic Aphasia: A Case Study

Neural Substrates of Hanja (Logogram) and Hangul (Phonogram) Character Readings by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Dissociative Disturbance in Hangul-Hanja Reading after a Left Posterior Occipital Lesion

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