Double emulsion‐encapsulated guggul exhibits improved in vivo hypocholesterolaemic action in rats

Abstract

Summary Guggul tree or Commiphora mukul is a small thorny herb having remarkable hypocholesterolaemic properties. Its therapeutic effects are because of its biocomponent guggulsterones, especially guggulsterone E and Z. In this research, double emulsion‐based spread was tried to improve the bioavailability of the herb guggul in in vivo rat model. The effect of the different diets with encapsulated and nonencapsulated guggul was evaluated and compared after 6 weeks, based on the final body weight and analysis of organs, serum and faeces of normal and hypercholesterolaemic (H) rats. It was evident from the results that double emulsion‐encapsulated guggul showed better control on weight of H rats (25.98% lower), inhibition of HMG CoA reductase (3.95 times less) activity and reduction in atherosclerotic index (47.2%), as compared to diet with unencapsulated guggul. Encapsulation of guggul also improved faecal excretion of bile acids, lipids and total cholesterol in H and normal rats.

Guggulsterone – a potent bioactive phytosteroid: synthesis, structural modification, and its improved bioactivities

“…To expand the application of GS-like phytosterols, their solubility, dispersibility, and bioavailability need to be increased by chemical or physical modifications. 124 The structural modifications of phytosterols are performed in the following aspects: (i) chemical modification by esterification and transesterification with hydrophobic fatty acids and triacylglycerols to improve their oil solubility, (ii) chemical manipulation by coupling with various hydrophilic moieties to enhance their water solubility. These can be done by chemical, 125 enzyme-catalyzed, 126 or ionic liquid-catalyzed 127 synthesis.…”