Double-Needle Sclerotherapy of Lymphangiomas and Venous Angiomas in Children: A Simple Technique to Prevent Complications

Ethanol Sclerotherapy Reduces Pain in Symptomatic Musculoskeletal Hemangiomas

“…Risks of sclerotherapy are primarily a consequence of the anatomic location of the lesion with respect to nearby structures [2]. Extravasation of sclerosant outside the hemangioma can cause tissue necrosis or nerve damage [9,10,14]. Superficial lesions are at risk for skin necrosis [2].…”

“…Temporary postsclerotherapy swelling is normal [14,16], but persistent swelling may indicate deep vein thrombosis in the normal circulation. Rare systemic complications occur if sclerosant, particularly ethanol, leaks into arterial circulation and can include arterial thrombosis, hypotension, or even death [9,10,14]. This is easily avoided with available anesthesia support, serial small volume injections, and preprocedural observation of the lesion for systemic anastomoses [7,16].…”

“…This is easily avoided with available anesthesia support, serial small volume injections, and preprocedural observation of the lesion for systemic anastomoses [7,16]. A technique has been developed to further reduce risk by using a second needle to drain the ethanol from the hemangioma [10]. We used all of the above precautions in our patients, using serial injections when a large volume of ethanol was necessary.…”

Use of Intralesional Bleomycin for Oral Hemangioma of Sturge-Weber Syndrome

“…This involved insertion of two needles in the lesion; the first needle was used to introduce the sclerosant, while the second needle drained the excess sclerosant, thereby minimizing extravasation of agent and subsequent risks. 3 The lesion showed remarkable regression with a single dose at 2 months follow-up (Fig. 5).…”

“…Sclerotherapy with polidocanol has shown excellent long-term results, especially in hemangiomas localized in the face. 3 Complications of sclerotherapy include extravasation of sclerosant outside the hemangioma causing tissue necrosis or nerve damage, necrosis and ulceration for superficial lesions, deep vein thrombosis and/or arterial thrombosis. 8 Bleomycin,…”