Double Right Atrial Blood Cysts

Abstract

Blood cysts are exceedingly rare benign cardiac tumors, generally involving the cardiac valves. They are found mainly in the first month of life and in children and are very uncommon in adults. We present a rare case of double right atrium blood cysts, incidentally detected by transthoracic echocardiography in an 85-year old patient.

Right Atrial Blood Cyst Incidentally Detected by Computed Tomography for Metastatic Breast Cancer in an Adult Female Patient: A Case Report

“…Blood cysts are often found incidentally during autopsy in up to 50% of cardiac valves of infants younger than 2 months of age [1]. They are often less than 1 mm in size, and have been reported to involve the mitral, tricuspid, aortic, and World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery pulmonary valves, as well as the right atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle [2]. In cases of large cysts, the reported complications include left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, valve dysfunction, ventricular dysfunction, and occlusion of a coronary artery, depending on the site of the tumor [2].…”

“…The exact origin of blood cysts is not well-understood. However, three hypotheses have been proposed: 1) blood cysts are formed by the entrapment and compression of blood in crevices that later become sealed off; 2) they arise from heteroplastic changes of the primitive pericardial mesothelial tissue; and 3) hypoxia, inflammation, and bleeding diathesis lead to the formation of these cysts [1] [2].…”

“…Cardiac blood cysts are congenital cardiovascular tumors that were first reported by Elasser in 1844 [1]. Cardiac blood cysts are often found during autopsies of neonates and fetuses, but they are exceedingly rare in adults [1] [2] [3]. Most blood cysts usually regress by the age of 6 months [2]; therefore, they are rarely seen among infants older than 2 years [1].…”

“…Cardiac blood cysts are often found during autopsies of neonates and fetuses, but they are exceedingly rare in adults [1] [2] [3]. Most blood cysts usually regress by the age of 6 months [2]; therefore, they are rarely seen among infants older than 2 years [1]. They are associated with syncope, World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery sudden death, embolism and valvular dysfunction, but can be clinically silent and are often detected incidentally [4].…”

Enlarging blood cyst with atrial septal defect causing tricuspid obstruction

“…Since the first report by Elsasser in 1844, intracardiac blood cysts have been believed to be rare primary tumors in adults [1]. Common locations have been reported all over the endocardium of the heart, including the mitral, tricuspid, and pulmonary valves as well as papillary muscles [2,3]. Blood cysts from both ventricles and the atrial septum in the right atrium (RA) are seldom observed.…”