Doubled haploids in production of male sterility maintaining triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack) lines

Abstract

Plant Breed ing and Ac cli ma ti za tion In sti tute, Radzików, 05-870 Błonie, Po land * Uni ver sity of Tech nol ogy and Ag ri cul ture, Ab stractThe androgenetic re sponse of sev eral se lected male ste ril itymaintainer ge no types of triticale was in ves ti gated. Androgenesis in duc tion was ob tained in all cultivars, but a large genotypic vari a tion in green plant re gen er a tion was ob served. The num ber of re gen er ated triticale plants var ied from 0.1 to 4.7 green plants per spike, de pend ing on ge no type. Spon ta neous dou bling of chro mo somes var ied from 14 to 60 % for partic u lar ge no types and, on av er age, reached the value of 34 % for all ge no types. Fer tile DH lines ob tained in this study will find prac ti cal ap pli ca tion in the de vel op ment of triticale male ster ile lines that are de sir able in hy brid breed ing. In tro duc tionThe po ten tial of Triticale as a for age crop is still very prom is ing and di ver sity within its gene pool is im por tant for pro duc tion of breed ing lines and breed ing hy brids. The in equal ity and the in sta bil ity of breed ing lines pres ent a prob lem for breed ers, espe cially when the reg is tra tion of the new cultivar is con cerned. Con se quently, breed ers are in ter ested in in vi tro tech niques that al low pro duc tion of doubled hap loid plants (DH) in a rel a tively short pe riod of time. The value of triticale DH pro duc tion in breed ing programmes de pends sig nif i cantly on the ef fi ciency of the method used with re gard to green plant re gen er a tion. DH plants of triticale can be obtained through androgenesis (an ther and microspore cul ture) (Immonen and Rob in son 2000, Oleszczuk et al. 2004), or through wide cross ing with maize. The first re sults of DH pro duc tion in triticale were pub lished by Wang et al. in 1973. Although the prac ti cal ap pli ca tion of DH regenerants of tri ticale has been dem on strated (Ber nard et al. 1996) the avail able data on ho mo zy gous plant produc tion by androgenesis are con stantly lim ited com pared with other ce re als. Triticale an ther culture ap peared to be rel a tively re cal ci trant be cause of the poor in duc tion of androgenesis and dif fi culties in green plant re gen er a tion (Karsai et al. 1994, Ryőppy 1997. Amongst many fac tors which de termine plant pro duc tion, ge no type seems to be the most im por tant (Hassawi et al. 1990, Marciniak et al. 1998).The pres ent pa per de scribes the androgenetic response of sev eral se lected male sterilit -maintaining ge no types of triticale. An ther cul ture was used to pro duce DH lines, which carry re ces sive alleles for the main te nance of male ste ril ity. Such a sys tem can help to re duce the time needed for the 245 ACTA PHYSIOLOGIAE PLANTARUM

Identification of QTLs associated with albino plant formation and some new facts concerning green versus albino ratio determinants in triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm.) anther culture

“…Without chlorophyll, the primary pigment involved in light harvesting and its transformation into chemical energy, albinotic plants cannot survive in natural environment, and do not represent any agronomic value. Tuvesson et al (2003) reported that albino plantlets have outnumbered green regenerants 2.6-fold, whilst in other studies, albinos have represented 42 % of all regenerated plantlets (Warzecha et al 2005). In the main experiment presented, the mean number of regenerating AS gained 18.5 % with the frequency of albino plants at about 53 %.…”

The origin of clones among androgenic regenerants of hexaploid triticale

“…Twelve F 1 hybrids of winter hexaploid triticale were used ( Androgenesis protocols were the same as routinely used for microspore culture (Oleszczuk et al 2004) and anther culture (Warzecha et al 2005) of triticale. Tillers were cold-treated in water for 4 weeks.…”

The <b><i>Ph1</i></b> Locus of Wheat Does Not Discriminate between Identical and Non-Identical Homologues in Rye

“…These lines were TG 5B, TG Dt5BL, and TG 5B + 5BL where Dt stands for ditelocentric. Plants of these lines were grown in the greenhouse at the IHAR in Radzikow, Poland, and all procedures of material collection, storage, plating, and anther culture conditions were standard as described for triticale [Warzecha et al, 2005] and often used for rye. For each line, anthers from 30 heads were plated which amounted to ca.…”