Down-Regulation of Photosynthetic Activity for Field-Grown Grapevines

Silvestroni, O.; Mattioli, Simona; Neri, D.; Palliotti, Alberto; Cartechini, Alvaro

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2005.689.33

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The reduction of leaf area by chronic photoinhibition of large amounts of basal leaves, not found in other grapevine cultivars (i.e. Montepulciano and Pignoletto) (Silvestroni et al, 2005;Palliotti et al, 2007), must be considered an important drought-avoidance mechanism, which reduces water loss by transpiration process, enabling the vine to withstand long water limitation periods while keeping the medial leaves with good photosynthetic behaviour. Each point is the mean of ten replicates ± SE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sangiovese during the summer of 2003 (Silvestroni et al, 2005), during the first week of July 2006 also in water-stressed potted vines of Sangiovese approximately 40 % to 60 % of the basal leaves first became chlorotic followed by necrosis. At the same time, contrary to well-watered vines, a conspicuous down-regulation of PSII activity was found at midday on green basal leaves of water-stressed vines, emphasized by high depression of the Fv/Fm ratio with a value of 0.56.…”

Section: Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Gas Exchange Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from internal adaptive mechanisms evolved to protect against photoinhibition (Osmond, 1994;Giardi et al, 1996;Medrano et al, 2002), some processes external to the PSII reaction centres, such as leaf movements, may exert an efficient non-radiative energy dissipation (Gamon and Pearcy, 1989). The purpose of this study was to assess the importance of leaf movements and some morphofunctional changes at leaf and shoot level on photoinhibition and gas exchange in waterstressed vines of Sangiovese, a drought-avoidance grapevine cultivar (Silvestroni et al, 2005;Palliotti et al, 2007) which is cultivated on 69,750 ha (10.3 % of the total Italian vineyard acreage), and to verify if these movements and changes play a protective role by increasing heat dissipation and reducing or avoiding downregulation of photoassimilation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of low-energy demand adaptive mechanisms in Sangiovese grapevine during drought

et al. 2008

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Aims:The aim of this paper is to evaluate the photoinhibition capability, CO2 fixation activity and some adaptive mechanisms external to the photosystem II reaction centres in Sangiovese grapevine subjected to drought conditions. Methods and results:The diurnal time courses of gas-exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were monitored on free (natural position) and artificially retained (horizontal) leaves in Sangiovese potted vines maintained at 90 % and 40 % of maximum water availability from fruit-set to veraison. Changes in leaf and shoots characteristics were also monitored. Under drought, the inhibition of photosystem II in Sangiovese leaves may be severe and persistent according to leaf position (basal leaves with chlorosis and necrosis) and ability to avoid direct light (medial leaves with a more vertical position followed by lower temperatures and higher CO2 fixation capability and water use efficiency during the hottest hours of the day). Conclusion:In the Sangiovese leaves developed under drought, the protective effect of increasing leaf angle with a more vertical position and the energy costs saved by reducing photosynthetic pigments formation, changing leaf optical properties, diminishing xylem and shoot growth and leaf area development and limiting down-regulation of photoassimilation help maintain high physiological efficiency in all the distal leaves. Significance and impact of study:The results indicate that cultivar Sangiovese exhibit high adaptation to dry conditions. Key words: leaf orientation, chlorophyll fluorescence, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic pigments Objectif : L'objectif de cette recherche est d'évaluer, chez le cépage Sangiovese, la capacité de photo-inhibition, l'activité de fixation du CO2 et certains mécanismes extérieurs aux centres réactionnels du PSII en conditions de sécheresse. Conclusion : Chez les feuilles de Sangiovese qui se sont développées en conditions de sécheresse, l'effet de protection obtenu en augmentant l'angle des feuilles les plus verticales et, par ailleurs, les économies d'énergie découlant de différents facteurs (diminution de la formation de pigments photosynthétiques, modification des propriétés optiques de la feuille, diminution de la croissance du xylème et des pousses, limitation de la régulation négative de photoassimilation) aident à maintenir à un niveau élevé l'efficience physiologique des feuilles distales. Méthodes et résultats Signification et impact de l'étude

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Gas Exchange Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of low-energy demand adaptive mechanisms in Sangiovese grapevine during drought

et al. 2008

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“…We do know that stomatal control of water loss is an early plant response to water deficit under field conditions (Chaves, 1991;Cornic and Massacci, 1996) and that it contributes to a temporary reduction of leaf carbon fixation (Liu et al, 1978;Naor et al, 1994;Schultz, 2003). However, it has been reported for grapevines in the field that irreversible effects on photoinhibition occur when stomata are close during water deprivation and leaves are exposed to direct, high irradiance light for long periods of time (Medrano et al, 2003;Palliotti et al, 2008;Schultz, 1996;Silvestroni et al, 2005). Multiple summer stresses, such as high temperature, radiation regime, and vapor pressure deficit, often exacerbate this process (Cornic, 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

Plant and Leaf Physiological Responses to Water Stress in Potted ‘Vignoles’ Grapevine

Lanari

Silvestroni

Palliotti

et al. 2015

horts

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Several studies have investigated water relationships in grapevines, but the responses to water limitation on individual leaves developed in different shoot positions are scarce in the literature. To begin to fill-in this gap, we examined the adaptive responses of vines at the leaf level to varying amounts of water stress using young hybrid ‘Vignoles’ in a controlled growth chamber. We found that the reduction in water availability to 40% of daily evapotranspiration limited shoot and leaf growth, affecting leaf number, shoot elongation, and leaf area. After 2 days of water stress we observed young developing leaves (nodes six to eight from the shoot apex) to have drastically reduced stomatal conductance (gS, about 20 mmol H2O/m2/s) and net photosynthesis (Pn, 2 μmol CO2/m2/s). On the 4th day Pn in mature leaves (nodes 9 to 12 from the shoot apex) fell to values below 2 μmol CO2/m2/s. After 6 days, both Pn and gS stabilized at lower values with fluctuations related only to leaf position along the shoot axis. Young leaves revealed substantial enrichment of carbon-13 (13C) and high water-use efficiency suggesting a higher and faster adaptive capacity to water shortage conditions as compared with mature leaves.

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“…Contrarily, longer periods of stress induce drastic reductions in shoots and berries growth with negative impact on yield and grape quality at harvest, leaf photoinhibition and consequent permanent photo-damages (Palliotti et al 2008(Palliotti et al , 2009. A severe water deficit after veraison can lead to high basal leaf senescence (Silvestroni et al 2005;Palliotti et al 2008), opening fruiting zone and increasing light penetration at the level of the cluster and inducing changes in berry composition (Santos et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of limited irrigation water volumes on near-isohydric ‘Montepulciano’ vines trained to overhead trellis system

Silvestroni

Palliotti

Lena³

et al. 2020

Acta Physiol Plant

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The thermal increase, due to the changed climatic context, is leading to marked variations in the yield and quality of the grapes and causing an increase in the use of water resources in several viticultural areas. Nevertheless, in some environments, rainfalls are scarce and there is no water availability. In this study, we compared the impact of low water irrigation volumes (DI, replacement of 70% of crop evapotranspiration) with respect to non-irrigated vines (NI), on the physiological, yield and qualitative performances of near-isohydric variety ‘Montepulciano’, trained to overhead trellis system, which requires a high-water supply. The stomatal conductance and photosynthesis values, in basal and median leaves, were higher in DI vines. All NI leaves suffered water stress, showing in the youngest leaves (position 20 and 25 along the main shoot) higher carbon isotope discrimination (δ13C) (− 25.38‰ and 25–25.77‰, respectively). At harvest, DI vines showed yield higher of 30% and 33% than NI vines in 2005 and 2006, respectively, and 18% in 2007. In environments with prolonged water shortage and low water resource, near-isohydric ‘Montepulciano’ vines, trained to overhead trellis system and irrigated with limited volumes, determined a significant improvement of ‘vineyard efficiency’ with a yield of 19.2 t/ha with respect to 13.4 t/ha of NI vines, ensuring also more sugar content (+ 31%), anthocyanin concentration (+ 13%) and polyphenolic substances (+ 8%) than NI vines.

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Down-Regulation of Photosynthetic Activity for Field-Grown Grapevines

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of low-energy demand adaptive mechanisms in Sangiovese grapevine during drought

Evaluation of low-energy demand adaptive mechanisms in Sangiovese grapevine during drought

Plant and Leaf Physiological Responses to Water Stress in Potted ‘Vignoles’ Grapevine

Effects of limited irrigation water volumes on near-isohydric ‘Montepulciano’ vines trained to overhead trellis system

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