Downdraft biomass gasification: A review on concepts, designs analysis, modelling and recent advances

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan isolator terhadap kinerja tungku gasifikasi tipe downdraft . Tiga bahan isolator yang digunakan yaitu serbuk batu bata, serbuk batu padas dan pasir. Parameter utama yang digunakan sebagai tolok ukur kinerja tungku gasifikasi yaitu suhu pembakaran dan durasi nyala api yang dihasilkan dari bahan bakar biomassa . Biomassa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sekam padi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan dua tahap, tahap pertama dilakukan pengujian kinerja tungku gasifikasi tanpa menggunakan isolator. Tahap kedua yaitu dilakukan pengujian dengan menggunakan isolator yang dipasang pada dinding tungku gasifikasi. Hasil pengujian tungku tanpa isolator didapatkan temperatur rata-rata nyala api sebesar 272 °C dan nyala efektif api selama 5 3 menit . Pengujian dengan penambahan isolator didapatkan suhu rata-rata nyala api dengan bahan serbuk batu bata sebesar 506°C dengan isolator suhu 102°C dan nyala efektif api selama 54 menit. Untuk serbuk batu padas suhu rata-rata nyala api sebesar 484°C dengan isolator suhu 134°C dan nyala efektif api selama 53 menit. Sedangkan isolator pasir temperature rata-rata nyala api sebesar 466°C, temperature isolator 146°C dan nyala efektif api selama 52 menit. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan maka kinerja tungku gasifikasi dengan menggunakan isolator meningkat dibandingkan tungku tanpa isolator . I solator serbuk batu bata meningkat kan kinerja tungku gasifikasi sebesar 90,2% sedangkan untuk serbuk batu padas dan pasir masing-masing sebesar 83,2% dan 77,6%. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa serbuk batu bata merupakan isolator yang paling optimal dibandingkan dengan serbuk batu padas dan pasir.

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“…Penelitian menggunakan tungku gasifikasi tipe downdraft juga pernah dilakukan oleh Sharma, dkk. [15]. Sakhiya, dkk.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pengaruh Penambahan Isolator Terhadap Distribusi Temperatur dan Nyala Efektif Api Pada Tungku Gasifikasi Tipe Downdraft

Jamaldi

Atmoko

Purwono

et al. 2021

CERIE

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“…As for drawbacks from the flexibility and adaptability viewpoints, these processes require very long residence time (hours to days) and introduce issues of cell culture recovery and difficult process control. The thermal conversion methods include combustion [20], gasification [21][22][23][24], and pyrolysis [25][26][27][28]. However, burning biomass can also create pollution whereas new conversion technologies including biochemical and thermochemical methods reduce the environmental impacts [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of operational issues in hydrothermal liquefaction and supercritical water gasification processes: a review

Ghavami

Özdenkçi

Salierno

et al. 2021

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Biomass is often referred to as a carbon–neutral energy source, and it has a role in reducing fossil fuel depletion. In addition, biomass can be converted efficiently into various forms of biofuels. The biomass conversion processes involve several thermochemical, biochemical, and hydrothermal methods for biomass treatment integration. The most common conversion routes to produce biofuels include pyrolysis and gasification processes. On the other hand, supercritical water gasification (SCWG) and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) are best suitable for converting biomass and waste with high moisture content. Despite promising efficiencies, SCWG and HTL processes introduce operational issues as obstacles to the industrialization of these technologies. The issues include process safety aspects due to operation conditions, plugging due to solid deposition, corrosion, pumpability of feedstock, catalyst sintering and deactivation, and high production costs. The methods to address these issues include various reactor configurations to avoid plugging and optimizing process conditions to minimize other issues. However, there are only a few studies investigating the operational issues as the main scope, and reviews are seldomly available in this regard. Therefore, further research is required to address operational problems. This study reviews the main operational problems in SCWG and HTL. The objective of this study is to enhance the industrialization of these processes by investigating the operational issues and the potential solutions, i.e., contributing to the elimination of the obstacles. A comprehensive study on the operational issues provides a holistic overview of the biomass conversion technologies and biorefinery concepts to promote the industrialization of SCWG and HTL.

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“…Currently, there are proposed many designs for gasifiers such as fixed bed (updraft or downdraft), moving bed, bubbling fluidized bed and circulating fluidized bed [9]. Among these, fixed or moving bed gasifiers are the most common for investigation of new feedstock or configuration and besides have a wide applicability, sizing and range of thermal power [10]. Meanwhile, the fluidized bed gasifiers like bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) and circulating fluidized bed (CFB) are well known for a stable temperature and operation, wide range of fuel, but basically are developed in a large scale [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Intensification of Biomass and Waste Char Gasification in a Gasifier

Paulauskas¹,

Zakarauskas²,

Striūgas³

2021

Energies

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Gasification is considered a clean and effective way to convert low quality biomass to higher value gas and solve various waste utilization problems as well. However, only 80% of biomass is converted through thermal processes. The remaining part is char, which requires more time for conversion and in that case reduces the efficiency of gasifier. Seeking to optimize the process of gasification, this work focuses on the intensification of residual char gasification in a gasifier. For this purpose, three different types of char prepared from wood, sewage sludge and tire were examined under different conditions in a lab-scale gasification setup. Results showed that the air flux increase from 0.11 kg/(m2s) to 0.32 kg/(m2s) intensified the gasification process and the gasification rate increased from 0.8 to 2.61 g/min with the decrease of duration of wood char gasification by 72%. An additional introduction of pyrolysis gas into the char gasifier led to decreased bed temperatures, but the gasification rate increased from 0.8 to 1.25 g/min and from 2.61 g/min to 2.83 g/min, respectively, for the wood char and the sewage sludge char. Moreover, the use of pyrolysis gas coupled with air as the gasifying agent enhanced the composition of produced gas from char, and the CO2 concentration decreased by 1.68 vol% while the H2 concentration increased by 2.8 vol%.

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Downdraft biomass gasification: A review on concepts, designs analysis, modelling and recent advances

Cited by 38 publications

References 58 publications

Pengaruh Penambahan Isolator Terhadap Distribusi Temperatur dan Nyala Efektif Api Pada Tungku Gasifikasi Tipe Downdraft

Pengaruh Penambahan Isolator Terhadap Distribusi Temperatur dan Nyala Efektif Api Pada Tungku Gasifikasi Tipe Downdraft

Analysis of operational issues in hydrothermal liquefaction and supercritical water gasification processes: a review

An Intensification of Biomass and Waste Char Gasification in a Gasifier

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