Downhole fiber optic sensing: the oilfield service provider's perspective: from the cradle to the grave

Abstract

For almost three decades, interest has continued to increase with respect to the application of fiber-optic sensing techniques for the upstream oil and gas industry. This paper reviews optical sensing technologies that have been and are being adopted downhole, as well as their drivers. A brief description of the life of a well, from the cradle to the grave, and the roles fiber-optic sensing can play in optimizing production, safety, and protection of the environment are also presented. The performance expectations (accuracy, resolution, stability, and operational lifetime) that oil companies and oil service companies have for fiber-optic sensing systems is described. Additionally, the environmental conditions (high hydrostatic pressures, high temperatures, shock, vibration, crush, and chemical exposure) that these systems must tolerate to provide reliable and economically attractive oilfield monitoring solutions are described.

Research on the deformation and settlement characteristics of tunnel lining structures based on distributed fibre optic sensing technology

“…Sun et al (2021) discussed three typical DFOS deployed ground military system projects and explored two research results to guide the on-site application of ground military systems for wide use in future large-scale all optical ground military system monitoring stations. The application of distributed fibre optic sensing technology has been greatly expanded in the oil and gas industry (Baldwin, 2015; Skinner and Maida, 2014), especially in the field of well monitoring (Sasaki et al, 2019).…”

Experiment Study of Deformable Honeycomb Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Energy Collection and Vibration Measurement in Downhole

“…Due to complex and changeable downhole conditions, most scholars concentrate on the theoretical level of downhole vibration [3] such as mathematical models [4,5], which cannot provide feedback to the actual downhole state. For the measurement method of downhole vibration, most scholars install sensors at the bottom of the hole to measure downhole vibration, such as acceleration sensors [6,7], acoustic sensors [8], optical sensing technology [9], and so on. Furthermore, some researchers monitor vibration by affixing sensors to the hole's surface [10,11].…”

Hollow-Core Fiber-Tip Interferometric High-Temperature Sensor Operating at 1100 °C with High Linearity

“…Measurements of high temperatures are of great significance in a variety of industrial applications, such as aerospace [1] and petrochemical engineering [2]. Over the past few decades, various fiber-optic sensors have been developed for high-temperature measurements, such as ultrafast laser-induced fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) [3,4], sapphire FBG [5], long-period fiber gratings inscribed into a non-photosensitive fiber by a CO 2 laser [6] or arc discharge [7], fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) [8,9] and fiber Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs) [10,11].…”