Downregulation of an allene oxide synthase gene improves photosynthetic rate and alters phytohormone homeostasis in field-grown guayule

Placido, Dante F.; Dierig, David A.; Cruz, Von Mark V.; Ponciano, Grisel; Chen, Dong; Dong, Ning; Huynh, Trinh; Williams, Tina; Cahoon, Rebecca E.; Wall, Gerard W.; Wood, Delilah F.; McMahan, Colleen

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112341

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…At this NaCl level, the later and slower effects of salt stress on the plant biochemical and physiological responses were likely added to the immediate osmotic effects on the growth. To verify this hypothesis, we performed gas-exchange measurements, which are the most readily and nondestructive measurable parameters reflecting the response of the whole plant to salinity [37,45,46]. The high decrease in the stomatal conductance, and the consequent net CO 2 assimilation and transpiration rate in the presence of 15 g L −1 NaCl, was consistent with the observed impact of salt on the photosynthetic efficiency (Figures 3C,D and 4).…”

Section: Morphophysiological Response To Increasing Nacl Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 65%

Morphophysiological Characterisation of Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) in Response to Increasing NaCl Concentrations: Phytomanagement and Phytodesalinisation in Arid and Semiarid Areas

Di Baccio,

Lorenzi,

Scartazza

et al. 2024

Plants

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Water and soil salinity continuously rises due to climate change and irrigation with reused waters. Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) is a desert perennial shrub native to northern Mexico and the southwestern United States; it is known worldwide for rubber production and is suitable for cultivation in arid and semiarid regions, such as the Mediterranean. In the present study, we investigated the effects of high and increasing concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) on the growth and the morphophysiological and biochemical characteristics of guayule to evaluate its tolerance to salt stress and suitability in phytomanagement and, eventually, the phytodesalinisation of salt-affected areas. Guayule originates from desert areas, but has not been found in salt-affected soils; thus, here, we tested the potential tolerance to salinity of this species, identifying the toxicity threshold and its possible sodium (Na) accumulation capacity. In a hydroponic floating root system, guayule seedlings were subjected to salinity-tolerance tests using increasing NaCl concentrations (from 2.5 to 40 g L−1 and from 43 to 684 mM). The first impairments in leaf morphophysiological traits appeared after adding 15 g L−1 (257 mM) NaCl, but the plants survived up to the hypersaline conditions of 35–40 g L−1 NaCl (about 600 mM). The distribution of major cell cations modulated the high Na content in the leaves, stems and roots; Na bioconcentration and translocation factors were close to one and greater than one, respectively. This is the first study on the morphophysiological and (bio)chemical response of guayule to different high and increasing levels of NaCl, showing the parameters and indices useful for identifying its salt tolerance threshold, adaptative mechanisms and reclamation potential in high-saline environments.

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Section: Morphophysiological Response To Increasing Nacl Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 65%

Morphophysiological Characterisation of Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) in Response to Increasing NaCl Concentrations: Phytomanagement and Phytodesalinisation in Arid and Semiarid Areas

Di Baccio,

Lorenzi,

Scartazza

et al. 2024

Plants

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“…The moisture content of the harvested biomass was measured by air-drying, grinding, and oven-drying the plant samples [8,19]. After complete drying, the rubber (R) and resin (Re) contents were determined using a Soxhletbased near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) method [10,18]. Rubber and resin yield were determined from the biomass yield and rubber and resin content.…”

Section: Plant Growth Measurements and Yield Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Wang et al [5], rubber can be derived from different parts of the plant, with the plant stem comprising 55-65% of the dry biomass, while the remaining portion of the dry biomass is attributed to roots and branches. Methods to increase guayule production have been developed, including selective breeding [6], appropriate rubber and latex extraction techniques [7], procedures to generate valuable byproducts from non-rubber material [8,9], and improvement of physiological aspects to increase yield [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Use, Growth, and Yield of Ratooned Guayule under Subsurface Drip and Furrow Irrigation in the US Southwest Desert

Elshikha,

Waller,

Hunsaker

et al. 2023

Water

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Guayule (Parthenium argentatum, A. Gray) is a perennial desert shrub with ratoon-cropping potential for multiple harvests of its natural rubber, resin, and bagasse byproducts. However, yield expectations, water use requirements, and irrigation scheduling information for ratooned guayule are extremely limited. The objectives of this study were to evaluate dry biomass (DB), contents of rubber (R) and resin (Re) and yields of rubber (RY) and resin (ReY) responses to irrigation treatments, and develop irrigation management criteria for ratooned guayule. The water productivity (WP) of the yield components were also evaluated. Guayule plants that were direct-seeded in April 2018 were ratooned and regrown starting in April 2020, after an initial 2-year harvest at two locations in Arizona: Maricopa and Eloy on sandy loam and clay soils, respectively. Plots were irrigated with subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) at 50, 75, and 100% replacement of crop evapotranspiration (ETc), respectively, and furrow irrigation at 100% ETc replacement, as determined by soil water balance measurements. The Eloy location did not include the 100% irrigation treatment under SDI due to unsuccessful regrowth for this specific treatment. The irrigation treatments at the locations were replicated three times in a randomized complete block design. After 21–22 months of regrowth, the guayule plants were harvested in plots. The results showed that DB increased with the amount of total water applied (TWA, irrigation plus precipitation), while R and Re were reduced at the highest TWA received at both locations. Ultimately, the SDI treatments with 75% ETc replacement resulted in the best irrigation management in terms of maximizing RY and ReY, and WP for both locations and soil types. Compared to the initial 2-year direct-seeded guayule crop, ratooned guayule required less TWA and attained higher DB, RY, and ReY, as well as higher WP, with average increases of 25% in dry biomass, 33% in rubber yield, and 32% in resin yield. A grower’s costs for planting the initial direct-seeded guayule crop would be offset by the additional yield revenue of the ratooned crop, which would have comparatively small startup costs.

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“…Not surprisingly, the AOS family proteins and their coding genes have gained much attention. AOS proteins and genes have been isolated and functionally characterized in several plant species, such as Lycopersicon esculentum [2], Arabidopsis thaliana [3], Hordeum vulgare [4] Camellia sinensis [5] and Parthenium argentatum [6]. AOS belongs to the cytochrome P450 family (CYP74A) and contains all four conserved domains characteristic of cytochrome P450 proteins [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poplar Allene Oxide Synthase 1 Gene Promoter Drives Rapid and Localized Expression by Wounding

Lei

Frost

et al. 2021

BJI

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Promoters play critical roles in controlling the transcription of genes and are important as tools to drive heterologous expression for biotechnological applications. In addition to core transcription factor-binding motifs that assist in the binding of RNA polymerases, there are specific nucleotide sequences in a promoter region to allow regulation of gene expression. The allene oxide synthase (AOS) gene family are cytochrome P450s that are responsive to a variety of environmental stress, making them good candidates for the discovery of inducible promoters. Populus AOS homologs separate phylogenetically into two clades. Based on the 19 promoter motifs with significant abundance differences between the two clades, Clade I AOS genes are likely more responsive to hormones, salt, and pathogen, whereas clade II homologs are likely inducible by water stress. In this study, an upstream promoter from a Clade I poplar AOS encoding gene (AOS1) was cloned and used to drive the expression of a ß-glucuronidase (GUS) gene in Arabidopsis. AOS is an essential enzyme in the lipoxygenase pathway that is responsible for the production of many non-volatile oxylipins in plants, including the jasmonates, which are regulatory phytohormones coordinating a variety of biological and stress response functions. Consistent with AOS transcript expression patterns, we found that the poplar AOS1 promoter drives rapid and localized expression by wounding. The study provides insight on the responsive elements in the poplar AOS promoters, but more importantly identifies a strong wound-inducible and localized promoter for future applications.

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Downregulation of an allene oxide synthase gene improves photosynthetic rate and alters phytohormone homeostasis in field-grown guayule

Cited by 14 publications

References 59 publications

Morphophysiological Characterisation of Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) in Response to Increasing NaCl Concentrations: Phytomanagement and Phytodesalinisation in Arid and Semiarid Areas

Morphophysiological Characterisation of Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) in Response to Increasing NaCl Concentrations: Phytomanagement and Phytodesalinisation in Arid and Semiarid Areas

Water Use, Growth, and Yield of Ratooned Guayule under Subsurface Drip and Furrow Irrigation in the US Southwest Desert

Poplar Allene Oxide Synthase 1 Gene Promoter Drives Rapid and Localized Expression by Wounding

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