Downregulation of cerebrospinal fluid production in patients with chronic hydrocephalus

Silverberg, Gerald D.; Huhn, Stephen L.; Jaffe, Richard A.; Chang, Steven D.; Saul, Thomas; Heit, Gary; Essen, Ann Von; Rubenstein, Edward

doi:10.3171/jns.2002.97.6.1271

Cited by 96 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Human CSF is renewed three to four times daily (Silverberg et al 2002). Flow of CSF is from lateral ventricles to the third and then through the narrow mesencephalic aqueduct into the fourth ventricle.…”

Section: Ventricular Cerebrospinal Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distributional Nexus of Choroid Plexus to Cerebrospinal Fluid, Ependyma and Brain

et al. 2010

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Bordering the ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are epithelial cells of choroid plexus (CP), ependyma and circumventricular organs (CVOs) that contain homeostatic transporters for mediating secretion/reabsorption. The distributional pathway (''nexus'') of CP-CSF-ependyma-brain furnishes peptides, hormones, and micronutrients to periventricular regions. In disease/toxicity, this nexus becomes a conduit for infectious and xenobiotic agents. The sleeping sickness trypanosome (a protozoan) disrupts CP and downstream CSF-brain. Piperamide is anti-trypanosomic but distorts CP epithelial ultrastructure by engendering hydropic vacuoles; this reflects phospholipidosis and altered lysosomal metabolism. CP swelling by vacuolation may occlude CSF flow. Toxic drug tools delineate injuries to choroidal compartments: cyclophosphamide (vasculature), methylcellulose (interstitium), and piperazine (epithelium). Structurally perturbed CP allows solutes to penetrate the ventricles. There, CSF-borne pathogens and xenobiotics may permeate the ependyma to harm neurogenic stem cell niches. Amoscanate, an anti-helmintic, potently injures rodent ependyma. Ependymal/brain regions near CP are vulnerable to CSF-borne toxicants; this proximity factor links regional barrier breakdown to nearby periventricular pathology. Diverse diseases (e.g., African sleeping sickness, multiple sclerosis) take early root in choroidal, circumventricular, or perivascular loci. Toxicokinetics informs on pathogen, anti-parasitic agent, and auto-antibody distribution along the CSF nexus. CVOs are susceptible to plasma-borne toxicants/pathogens. Countering the physico-chemical and pathogenic insults to the homeostasis-mediating ventricle-bordering cells sustains brain health and fluid balance.

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Section: Ventricular Cerebrospinal Fluidmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distributional Nexus of Choroid Plexus to Cerebrospinal Fluid, Ependyma and Brain

et al. 2010

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“…CSF production has been shown to be relatively constant and unaffected by acute changes in cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP), however, certain drugs (e.g., diuretics, cardiac glycosides and β-blockers), chronic elevation of CSFP and aging can effect CSF production [26,33,34]. With advancing age, flattening and loss of the choroidal secretory epithelium, thickening of the basement membrane, cyst formation, lipid accumulation, fibrosis and calcification, as well as hyalinization and amyloid deposition in choroidal blood vessels is seen [35][36][37].…”

Section: Csf Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include: The authors found a significant decrease in CSF production among AD patients and those with NPH, when compared with controls (0.42 ± 0.13 ml/min) and with patients with acute hydrocephalus (0.40 ± 0.13 ml/min). Mean CSF production in AD was 0.20 ± 0.06 ml/min, and in NPH was 0.25 ± 0.08 ml/min (FIGURE 2) [4,34].…”

Section: Measurements Of Csf Production and Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel ventriculoperitoneal shunt in Alzheimer´s disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers

Silverberg¹,

Mayo²,

Saul³

et al. 2004

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

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“…The cerebrospinal fluid has a measured normal flow rate of 0.410 ml/min [17,18]. The cerebrospinal fluid both in the brain and in the spinal column form a connected column of liquid.…”

Section: Brain-blood Barrier and Fluid Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Physical Chemistry of Brain and Neural Cell Membranes: An Overview

Robertson

2010

Neurochem Res

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The formation of cell membranes through the physical-chemical interaction of two hydrophilic colloidal fluids is applied to the formation of the membranes of brain and neural cells. Also described is the membrane mechanism of transfer of ions and compounds necessary for brain and neural cell functions into the cerebrospinal fluid through the blood-brain barrier. Changes in the cerebrospinal fluid giving rise to degradation of brain and neural cells and the formation of precipitates within the brain are considered. Monitoring of electrolyte changes in metabolic fluids is shown to be a possible method of predicting the onset of degenerate brain conditions.

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Downregulation of cerebrospinal fluid production in patients with chronic hydrocephalus

Abstract: The authors postulate that chronic increased intracranial pressure causes downregulation of CSF production.

Cited by 96 publications

References 25 publications

The Distributional Nexus of Choroid Plexus to Cerebrospinal Fluid, Ependyma and Brain

The Distributional Nexus of Choroid Plexus to Cerebrospinal Fluid, Ependyma and Brain

Novel ventriculoperitoneal shunt in Alzheimer´s disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers

The Physical Chemistry of Brain and Neural Cell Membranes: An Overview

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Downregulation of cerebrospinal fluid production in patients with chronic hydrocephalus

Abstract: The authors postulate that chronic increased intracranial pressure causes downregulation of CSF production.

Cited by 96 publications

References 25 publications

The Distributional Nexus of Choroid Plexus to Cerebrospinal Fluid, Ependyma and Brain

The Distributional Nexus of Choroid Plexus to Cerebrospinal Fluid, Ependyma and Brain

Novel ventriculo­peritoneal shunt in Alzheimer´s disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers

The Physical Chemistry of Brain and Neural Cell Membranes: An Overview

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Novel ventriculoperitoneal shunt in Alzheimer´s disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers