Downward transport of organic carbon by diel migratory micronekton in the western equatorial Pacific:

Hidaka, Koichi; Kawaguchi, Kouichi; Murakami, Masahiro; Takahashi, M.

doi:10.1016/s0967-0637(01)00003-6

Cited by 122 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The high levels of the lipid contents of the three myctophid Table 2 are similar to those in other myctophid species 5,16,19 . In contrast, the lipid content of K. pelamis was very low, similar to that in other highly migratory fish species 10,13,14 , which migrate over wide areas.…”

Section: Lipid Content Of the Three Myctophids And K Pelamissupporting

confidence: 77%

“…8 ; for B. pterotum 9 ; for B. pterotum etc. 1 , few reports of studies of the chemical components of the flesh of myctophids for the nutritive value have been published for 22 species of myctophids 18 ; for 13 myctophid species 16 ; for 3 myctophids species 19 ; for 2 myctophids species 20 . Furthermore, only a few papers for B. pterotum 20 have presented analyses of the fatty acid composition of the three edible myctophids, D. watasei watases lanternfish , D. suborbitalis, and B. pterotum Skinnycheek lanternfish .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lipid and Fatty Acids of Three Edible Myctophids, Diaphus watasei, Diaphus suborbitalis, and Benthosema pterotum: High Levels of Icosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids

2014

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Section: Lipid Content Of the Three Myctophids And K Pelamissupporting

confidence: 77%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid and Fatty Acids of Three Edible Myctophids, Diaphus watasei, Diaphus suborbitalis, and Benthosema pterotum: High Levels of Icosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids

2014

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“…However, we used "old" conversion factors (20,53 and 179 fg C cell -1 , respectively, for heterotrophic bacteria, Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus) to make inter-comparison with our previous results (Yamaguchi et al, 2002a) possible.…”

Section: Enumericationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the lack of ontogenetic vertical migrating zooplankton (for subtropical regions, see Table 4), organic materials ingested in the surface layer, that is then defecated or assimilated (subsequently excreted as CO2) at depth by 'diel' migrating zooplankton and micronekton, are important agents of active transport of carbon vertically in the subtropical and tropical region (Longhurst et al, 1990;Dam et al, 1995;Hidaka et al, 2001;Al-Mutairi and Landry, 2001). Such active carbon flux by 'diel' vertical migrators has been estimated to be ca 20-25% for zooplankton (Dam et al, 1995;Al-Mutairi and Landry, 2001) and 28-55% for micronekton (Hidaka et al, 2001) of the passive carbon flux out of the euphotic zone.…”

Section: "Biological Pump"; An Implicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latitudinal Differences in the Planktonic Biomass and Community Structure Down to the Greater Depths in the Western North Pacific

Yamaguchi

Watanabe²,

Ishida³

et al. 2004

Journal of Oceanography

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As part of the research program WEST-COSMIC Phase I (1997, vertical profiles down to the greater depths (0-2000 m or 5800 m) of the plankton community structure composed of heterotrophic bacteria, phytoplankton, protozooplankton and metazooplankton were studied at one station in each subarctic (44˚N) and in transitional region (39˚N), and two stations in subtropical region (30˚N and 25˚N); all in 137-155˚E in the western North Pacific Ocean. The biomass of all four taxonomic groups decreased rapidly with increasing depths at all stations, although the magnitude of depth-related decrease differed among the groups. As plankton community structure, metazooplankiton biomass and bacterial biomass occupied >50% of the total in 0-2000 and 2000-4000 or 5000 m strata, respectively, at subarctic and transitional stations, while bacterial biomass contributed to >50% of the total consistently from 0 through 4800 or 5800 m at subtropical stations. Metazooplankton biomass integrated over the greater depths exhibited a clear latitudinal pattern (high north and low south), but this was not the case for those of the other taxonomic groups. As a component of metazooplankton, an appreciable contribution of diapausing copepods to the metazooplankton was noted at subarctic and transitional stations, but they were few or nil at subtropical stations.As protozooplankton assemblages, heterotrophic microflagellates (HMF) and dinoflagellates were two major components at subarctic and transitional stations, but were only HMF predominated at subtropical stations.From biomass ratios between heterotrophic bacteria, HMF and dinoflagellates, "sinking POC-DOC-heterotrophic bacteria-HMF-heterotrophic dinoflagellates" link was proposed as a microbial food chain operative in the deep layer of the western NorthPacific. All results are discussed in the light of latitudinal differences in the structure and functioning of plankton community contributing to the 'biological pump' in the western North Pacific Ocean.

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“…5C. While an average fraction of around 0.2-0.4 seems appropriate for eastern tropical and equatorial Pacific waters (3,35,(41)(42)(43), little is known about its geographical and temporal variability, which could be influenced by, among other factors, the patterns of primary production and export, mesozooplankton and micronekton abundance, and the proportion of diel vertical migrators (3,35).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of anammox by the excretion of diel vertical migrators

Bianchi

Babbin

Galbraith

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Measurements show that anaerobic ammonium oxidation with nitrite (anammox) is a major pathway of fixed nitrogen removal in the anoxic zones of the open ocean. Anammox requires a source of ammonium, which under anoxic conditions could be supplied by the breakdown of sinking organic matter via heterotrophic denitrification. However, at many locations where anammox is measured, denitrification rates are small or undetectable. Alternative sources of ammonium have been proposed to explain this paradox, for example through dissimilatory reduction of nitrate to ammonium and transport from anoxic sediments. However, the relevance of these sources in open-ocean anoxic zones is debated. Here, we bring to attention an additional source of ammonium, namely, the daytime excretion by zooplankton and micronekton migrating from the surface to anoxic waters. We use a synthesis of acoustic data to show that, where anoxic waters occur within the water column, most migrators spend the daytime within them. Although migrators export only a small fraction of primary production from the surface, they focus excretion within a confined depth range of anoxic water where particle input is small. Using a simple biogeochemical model, we suggest that, at those depths, the source of ammonium from organisms undergoing diel vertical migrations could exceed the release from particle remineralization, enhancing in situ anammox rates. The contribution of this previously overlooked process, and the numerous uncertainties surrounding it, call for further efforts to evaluate the role of animals in oxygen minimum zone biogeochemistry.anammox | denitrification | oxygen minimum zone | diel vertical migration W ater column oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), where oxygen concentrations plummet to submicromolar levels (1), are responsible for approximately one-third of the total removal of fixed nitrogen from the oceans (2, 3). Several processes mediated by specialized prokaryotes convert fixed inorganic nitrogen (NH 4 + , NO 2 − , and NO 3 − ) to N 2 in anoxic waters. Canonical denitrification, consisting of dissimilatory NO 3 − reduction to NO 2 − (DNRN) followed by the further oxidation of organic matter with NO 2 − (the denitrification step), was long considered the dominant fixed N removal pathway in anoxic waters. Over the last decade, anammox has gained attention as a major sink of fixed N in nearly anoxic waters (O 2 < 10 mmol·m −3 ) (4, 5).Stoichiometric considerations would suggest a close coupling between denitrification and anammox (6, 7). Under anoxic conditions, the NH 4 + liberated by the remineralization of organic matter through DNRN and denitrification should accumulate in the water column because conventional (aerobic) nitrification cannot proceed. However, this accumulation is not observed in the cores of anoxic waters, where observed NH 4 + concentrations are generally much less than 1 mmol·m −3 (8). In these regions, oxidation of NH 4 + with NO 2 − by anammox is thought to be the major sink of NH 4 + (9). Given that no significant NH 4 + acc...

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Downward transport of organic carbon by diel migratory micronekton in the western equatorial Pacific:

Cited by 122 publications

References 39 publications

Lipid and Fatty Acids of Three Edible Myctophids, Diaphus watasei, Diaphus suborbitalis, and Benthosema pterotum: High Levels of Icosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids

Lipid and Fatty Acids of Three Edible Myctophids, Diaphus watasei, Diaphus suborbitalis, and Benthosema pterotum: High Levels of Icosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids

Latitudinal Differences in the Planktonic Biomass and Community Structure Down to the Greater Depths in the Western North Pacific

Enhancement of anammox by the excretion of diel vertical migrators

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