Dr. Ketter and Colleagues Reply

Ketter, Terence A.; Winsberg, Mirène E.; DeGolia, Sallie G.; Dunai, Magdolna; Tate, Debbie L.; Strong, Connie M.

doi:10.4088/jcp.v58n0806c

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Seven controlled studies (including secondary analyses) with data on TCP + TCA strategies were included 19–25 . Two studies were controlled studies with data on TCP + lithium combination strategies, 26,27 and 10 were controlled studies with data on TCP + antipsychotic (all fist-generation antipsychotics [FGAs]) combination strategies 28–37 . Eight articles were noncontrolled studies including data on TCP + TCA combination strategies, 16,38–44 3 were noncontrolled studies including data on TCP + lithium or another mood stabilizer, 38,45,46 13 were noncontrolled studies including data on TCP + antipsychotic (FGAs and second-generation antipsychotics [SGAs]) combination strategies, 38,47–58 1 study included data on TCP + benzodiazepine combination, 38 1 included data on TCP + thyroxine, 59 and 1 on TCP + stimulant 60 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the controlled studies, 5 were rated as “2−”, 19–23 with 2 articles being secondary analyses on safety aspects of the same study, 20,22 and 12 were rated as “3” 24–37 according to SIGN criteria. None was better rated than “2−”.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surprisingly, we identified only 2 controlled trials 26,27 and 2 noncontrolled trials 38,45 comprising patients with treatment-resistant depression in which TCP was combined with lithium; given the fact that both lithium and TCP are frequently offered in cases of treatment-resistant depression, we expected more studies regarding this combinations. Based on our detected body of evidence, one could conclude that this combination is not associated with severe adverse events, but the added value of the combination is based mainly on noncontrolled, retrospective, and case trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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60 Years of Combining Tranylcypromine

Wagner

Seemüller

Hasan

2022

J Clin Psychopharmacol

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Background: Tranylcypromine is the only irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is approved in the United States and in Europe for the management of treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. Comprehensive data in the literature regarding the efficacy and tolerability of tranylcypromine (TCP) combination strategies have not been systematically investigated yet. Methods:We conducted a systematic review of available literature based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Study types considered eligible for inclusion were studies that reported information on efficacy and/or tolerability/ adverse effects of pharmacological TCP add-on or coadministration strategies among people with psychiatric disorders.Results: Ninety-six articles were included in qualitative analyses. A relevant body of evidence shows that TCP combined with first-and secondgeneration antipsychotics seems relatively safe and might have beneficial effects in some patients with depressive disorders, although caution is needed with some second-generation antipsychotics that have proserotonergic activity. Although evidence is not entirely consistent, amitriptyline as add-on agent might be efficacious and associated with a low rate of severe adverse events. Although available data from case reports are scarce, certain other agents, such as trazodone, but also lithium, seem to have a good riskbenefit profile with regard to TCP that should be further investigated in the context of high-quality studies.Conclusions: Any combination of a psychotropic with TCP should be preceded by an evaluation of drug-to-drug interaction and an informed consent process and followed by close monitoring. Before any combination strategy, doctors should reevaluate factors of pseudo-treatment resistance, such as rapid-metabolizing status, noncompliance, trauma, alternative diagnosis, or drug abuse.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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60 Years of Combining Tranylcypromine

Wagner

Seemüller

Hasan

2022

J Clin Psychopharmacol

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“…This suggests a monomeric catalytic species in THF and a catalytic oligomeric species in dichloromethane, in which the heterochiral oligomer is more reactive than the homochiral oligomer. The reaction of methyl acrylate and cyclopentadiene has been carefully examined by Ketter, Glahsi, and Herrmann with chiral aluminum catalysts prepared from the seventeen chiral diols and P-hydroxysulfonamides shown in Table 12 [47]. The catalysts were prepared in-situ by reacting the ligand with one equivalent of di-isobutylaluminum chloride in dichloromethane at room temperature for 1 h. The standard conditions for the screening of these reactions were 10 mol % catalyst in dichloromethane and 4 0 to 4 5 "C, as indicated in Sch.…”

Section: Scheme 20mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chiral Aluminum Lewis Acids in Organic Synthesis

Wulff

2000

Lewis Acids in Organic Synthesis

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The earliest report of a reaction mediated by a chiral three coordinate aluminum species describes an asymmetric Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley reduction of ketones with chiral aluminum alkoxides which resulted in low induction in the alcohol products [1]. Subsequent developments in the area were sparse until over a decade later when chiral aluminum Lewis acids began to be explored in polymerization reactions, with the first report describing the polymerization of benzofuran with catalysts prepared from and ethylaluminum dichloride and a variety of chiral compounds including /3-phenylalanine [2]. Curiously, these reports did not precipitate further studies at the time because the next development in the field did not occur until nearly two decades later when Hashimoto, Komeshima and Koga reported that a catalyst derived from ethylaluminum dichloride and menthol catalyzed the asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction shown in Sch. 1 [3,4]. This is especially curious because the discovery that a Diels-Alder reaction could be accelerated by aluminum chloride was known at the time the polymerization work appeared [5]. Perhaps it was because of this long delay, that the report of this asymmetric catalytic Diels-Alder reaction was to become the inspiration for the dramatic increase in activity in this field that we have witnessed in the twenty years since its appearance. It is the intent of this review to present the development of the field of asymmetric catalytic synthesis with chiral aluminum Lewis acids that includes those reports that have appeared in the literature up to the end of 1998. This review will not cover polymerization reactions or supported reactions. The latter will appear in a separate chapter in this handbook. 15 rnol % catalyst 4 toluene, -78 OC, 3 h 0 2 1.1 equiv 3 69 % yield exo : endo = 98 : 2 72 % ee 1 EtAlC12 . OAIC12 A A 5 4 Scheme 1

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Region‐ and Sex‐Specific Modulation of Anxiety Behaviours in the Rat

Toufexis

2007

J Neuroendocrinology

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Recent studies in both animals and humans indicate that gonadal hormones have profound control over emotional states, and certainly contribute to the increased occurrence of psychiatric illness in women. Reports, as reviewed here, suggest that two important regions of the limbic system, the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), control different aspects of emotional behaviour. Short-term cue-specific emotional responses, like Pavlovian fear conditioning, require activation of the CeA, while long-duration and contextual emotional responses, are dependant on the BNST. There is accumulating experimental evidence that gender and sex hormones specifically modulate BNST-mediated anxiety behaviours. Moreover, the functional separation between the CeA and the BNST may be exaggerated during lactation in the rat, a time of profound hormonal and behavioural change. In this study, the effects of sex hormones on fear and anxiety are reviewed with an emphasis on the differential effects of these hormones on functions subserved by the BNST as opposed to the CeA. Studies, as highlighted here, looking at sex hormone and gender effects on the ability of corticotrophin-releasing factor and bright ambient light to enhance startle, emphasise the importance of understanding both the effect of, and brain region where, gonadal hormones exert their control over emotional behaviour.

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Dr. Ketter and Colleagues Reply

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

60 Years of Combining Tranylcypromine

60 Years of Combining Tranylcypromine

Chiral Aluminum Lewis Acids in Organic Synthesis

Region‐ and Sex‐Specific Modulation of Anxiety Behaviours in the Rat

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