Dramatic Enlargement of the Prostate due to Xanthogranulomatous Inflammation

Abstract

This case highlights the ability of this clinical and pathologic entity to cause significant prostatic enlargement, how it is diagnosed, and the possible role of surgical therapy in its treatment.

Prostatic Abscess on Xanthogranulomatous Prostatitis: Uncommon Complication of an Uncommon Disease

“…The exact etiology of xanthogranulomatous prostatitis is still uncertain. Several theories tending to explain its pathogenesis have been advocated (hyperlipidemia, autoimmunity, ductal obstruction,…) [ 4 , 6 , 7 ].…”

“…Presence of xanthoma cells may also cause diagnostic confusion with high-grade prostatic carcinoma. A panel of immunohistochemistry test including cytokeratin, PSA, prostatic acid phosphatase, leukocyte common antigen, and CD68 can be useful for differentiating between these two conditions by showing results more consistent with an inflammatory process [ 2 , 6 , 9 ].…”

“…In exposed literature of xanthogranulomatous prostatitis surgery was usually performed because of severe lower urinary tract symptoms, or due to occurrence of complications that may require even prostatectomy as was reported by Wollin et al [ 5 , 6 , 8 – 10 ].…”

“…Presentation of xanthogranulomatous prostatitis as prostatic abscess is rare, only reported three times in the English literature so far [ 6 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Xanthogranulomatous prostatitis presenting as Pseudomonas aeruginosa prostatic abscesses: An uncommon complication after kidney transplantation

“…Xanthogranulomatous (XG) prostatitis is a rare form of granulomatous prostatitis characterized by a benign inflammatory process of non-specific etiology that clinically may mimic carcinoma [1]. Few cases have been reported in the English literature, with only four reported cases presenting as prostatic abscesses [[2], [3], [4], [5]]. Infectious etiologies of granulomatous prostatitis include bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites [5]].…”