Dramatic Thermal Stability of Virus−Polymer Conjugates in Hydrophobic Solvents

Holder, Patrick G.; Finley, Daniel; Stephanopoulos, Nicholas; Walton, R. K.; Clark, Douglas S.; Francis, Matthew B.

doi:10.1021/la1039305

Cited by 37 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Analysis of thermal stability of the PEG functionalized nanoparticles by CD spectroscopy revealed no apparent degredation of secondary structure even beyond 100 °C for the Qβ(1K) formulation, while the thermal stability was approximately the same as the unfunctionalized VLP for the Qβ(2K) conjugate (Figure S13–S17, Supporting Information). This result is quite incredible, though similar thermally protective affects attributed to PEG have been previously reported for PEG‐functionalized tobacco mosaic virus . SDS‐PAGE band intensities were measured by densitometry showing that DB‐MPEG 1K attaches to the capsid in ≈90% yield.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Dual Functionalized Bacteriophage Qβ as a Photocaged Drug Carrier

Chen

et al. 2016

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Proteinatious nanoparticles are emerging as promising materials in biomedical research owing to their many unique properties and our interest focuses on integrating environmental responsivity into these systems. In this work, the use of a virus-like particle (VLP) derived from bacteriophage Qβ as a photocaged drug delivery system is investigated. Ideally, a photocaged nanoparticle platform should be harmless and inert without activation by light yet, upon photoirradiation, should cause cell death. Approximately 530 photocleavable doxorubicin complexes are installed initially onto the surface of Qβ by CuAAC reaction for photocaging therapy; however, aggregation and precipitation are found to cause cell death at higher concentrations. In order to improve solution stability, thiol-dibromomaleimide chemistry has been developed to orthogonally modify the VLP. This chemistry provides a robust method of incorporating additional functionality at the disulfides on Qβ, which was used to increase the stability and solubility of the drug-loaded VLPs. As a result, the dual functionalied VLPs with polyethylene glycol and photocaged doxorubicin show not only negligible cytotoxicity before photoactivation but also highly controllable photorelease and cell killing power.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Dual Functionalized Bacteriophage Qβ as a Photocaged Drug Carrier

Chen

et al. 2016

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“…It is only natural that virus particles are combined with polymers, not only in a non-covalent fashion as described above but also covalently. It has already been shown that the modification of virus particles with polymers increases their stability, and therefore, even allows them to be transferred to an organic solvent without disassembling, being more tolerant towards elevated temperature [72]. This was also shown by intra-viral capsid cross-linking using a polymer with multiple alkyne-groups attached to the backbone, which was allowed to react with a surface modified bacteriophage QB containing several azide moieties [73].…”

Section: Virus-polymer Conjugatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Directed Protein Assemblies

Rijn

2013

Polymers

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Protein aggregation and protein self-assembly is an important occurrence in natural systems, and is in some form or other dictated by biopolymers. Very obvious influences of biopolymers on protein assemblies are, e.g., virus particles. Viruses are a multi-protein assembly of which the morphology is dictated by poly-nucleotides namely RNA or DNA. This "biopolymer" directs the proteins and imposes limitations on the structure like the length or diameter of the particle. Not only do these bionanoparticles use polymer-directed self-assembly, also processes like amyloid formation are in a way a result of directed protein assembly by partial unfolded/misfolded biopolymers namely, polypeptides. The combination of proteins and synthetic polymers, inspired by the natural processes, are therefore regarded as a highly promising area of research. Directed protein assembly is versatile with respect to the possible interactions which brings together the protein and polymer, e.g., electrostatic, v.d. Waals forces or covalent conjugation, and possible combinations are numerous due to the large amounts of different polymers and proteins available. The protein-polymer interacting behavior and overall morphology is envisioned to aid in clarifying protein-protein interactions and are thought to entail some interesting new functions and properties which will ultimately lead to novel bio-hybrid materials.

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“…Holder et al accomplished this increase in stability though the conjugation of polyethylene glycol chains onto surface exposed CP tyrosine residues (Holder et al, 2010). The protective PEG coat allows the TMV PVN to be integrated with hydrophobic materials and organic solvents while maintaining the ability to further modify additional CP residues.…”

Section: Top-down Methods For Pvn Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant virus directed fabrication of nanoscale materials and devices

et al. 2015

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Bottom-up self-assembly methods in which individual molecular components self-organize to form functional nanoscale patterns are of long-standing interest in the field of materials sciences. Such self-assembly processes are the hallmark of biology where complex macromolecules with defined functions assemble from smaller molecular components. In particular, plant virus-derived nanoparticles (PVNs) have drawn considerable attention for their unique self-assembly architectures and functionalities that can be harnessed to produce new materials for industrial and biomedical applications. In particular, PVNs provide simple systems to model and assemble nanoscale particles of uniform size and shape that can be modified through molecularly defined chemical and genetic alterations. Furthermore, PVNs bring the added potential to "farm" such bio-nanomaterials on an industrial scale, providing a renewable and environmentally sustainable means for the production of nano-materials. This review outlines the fabrication and application of several PVNs for a range of uses that include energy storage, catalysis, and threat detection.

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Dramatic Thermal Stability of Virus−Polymer Conjugates in Hydrophobic Solvents

Cited by 37 publications

References 38 publications

Dual Functionalized Bacteriophage Qβ as a Photocaged Drug Carrier

Dual Functionalized Bacteriophage Qβ as a Photocaged Drug Carrier

Polymer Directed Protein Assemblies

Plant virus directed fabrication of nanoscale materials and devices

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