DRD2 and BDNF polymorphisms are associated with binge eating disorder in patients with weight regain after bariatric surgery

Abstract

Aim: To analyze the association and susceptibility of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the DRD2 and BDNF genes with BED in patients with weight regain in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery. Methods: 177 individuals who underwent bariatric surgery with weight regain were evaluated and divided into two groups according to the BED diagnostic. The individuals were submitted to an anthropometric evaluation, analysis of the presence of BED using a validated questionnaire, and blood collection for genotyping of the polymorphisms rs6265 (BDNF) and rs1800497 (DRD2) by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Results: the presence of wild-type alleles for rs1800497 (CC) and rs6265 (GG) were more frequent in patients without BED. Nevertheless, the presence of one or two variant alleles for rs1800497 (CT+TT) and rs6265 (GA+AA) was more frequent in patients with BED. The combination of the two studied SNPs prevailed in patients with BED.Conclusions: In the presence of polymorphisms rs1800497 in the DRD2 gene and rs6265 in the BDNF gene, isolated and/or combined could occur an additional risk for the development of BED in patients with obesity, especially in the context of weight regain.

Anthropometric and Body Composition Changes over Five Years after Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Obesity, Diagnosed or Not Diagnosed with Binge Eating Disorder (BED) in the Preoperative Period

“…In addition, it was also observed that the group with BED preoperatively had a higher mean score in the assessment of anxiety symptoms using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) than the group without BED and a higher frequency of moderate (23.0%) and severe (14.8%) anxiety. These results corroborate the literature, since studies showed that individuals with obesity and BED have higher rates of depression and anxiety than individuals with obesity and without BED [7,29,30]. Furthermore, these results suggested that patients with BED before surgery presented a series of factors that should be considered as risk factors after bariatric surgery, such as weight regain, psychiatric disorders, and the development of post-surgical complications [24,28].…”

“…In this study, we found that patients with obesity and BED had higher levels of depression and anxiety in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery and increased weight and BMI in the late postoperative period of bariatric surgery. The literature suggests that in pre-bariatric surgery patients, the prevalence of BED may vary between 6 and 69% [7,10]. Our finding of a 51.7% BED prevalence was closer to the upper end of this spectrum.…”

“…BED, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), is an eating disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating in the absence of appropriate compensatory behaviors such as purging, excessive exercise, fasting, or the use of laxatives [6]. The causes of BED are extensive and involve psychological, psychiatric, genetic, biological, and environmental factors [7,8]. BED frequently impacts the quality of life of the patients and is associated with psychopathological features (mainly stress, depression, anxiety, and negative affect) [5].…”

“…The literature indicated a 6% to 69% BED prevalence in patients undergoing bariatric surgery [7,10]. This condition could affect the maximum weight loss in the first two years after bariatric surgery since eating problems and psychiatric factors have been associated with less weight loss [11][12][13].…”

Prenatal Effects of Nicotine on Obesity Risks: A Narrative Review

“…RDS manifests as an individual’s neurochemical deficiency at perceiving reward, including DA function deficiency and alterations in reward pathways, resulting in the seeking behavior of alternative ways to promote DA release, such as substance abuse and overeating [ 65 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 ], binge eating, etc. [ 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 ]. Individuals, for example, carrying the DRD2 Taq1 A1 have a predisposition for reward-seeking behaviors due to DA function deficiency and alterations in reward pathways [ 65 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 ].…”