Dream Recall After Sleep Interruption in Brain-Injured Patients

Murri, Luigi; Massetani, R.; Siciliano, Gabriele; Giovanditti, L; Arena, Roberta

doi:10.1093/sleep/8.4.356

Cited by 39 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Interestingly, lesions within or near the temporo-parieto-occipital junction in the posterior convexity of the hemispheres, either right or left (including the localization of the right MTG area identified in the present study), can lead to a complete loss of dreaming with preserved REM sleep (Murri et al, 1985), thus suggesting that these cortical areas contribute to the generation of dreams. Moreover, transcranial direct current stimulation of the right posterior parietal cortex, near to our BA19, during stage 2 sleep was associated with more dream reports on awakening (Jakobson et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Right hemisphere neural activations in the recall of waking fantasies and of dreams

Benedetti

Poletti

Radaelli

et al. 2015

Journal of Sleep Research

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SUMMARYThe story-like organization of dreams is characterized by a pervasive bizarreness of events and actions that resembles psychotic thought, and largely exceeds that observed in normal waking fantasies. Little is known about the neural correlates of the confabulatory narrative construction of dreams. In this study, dreams, fantasies elicited by ambiguous pictorial stimuli, and non-imaginative first-and third-person narratives from healthy participants were recorded, and were then studied for brain blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging on a 3.0-Tesla scanner while listening to their own narrative reports and attempting a retrieval of the corresponding experience. In respect to nonbizarre reports of daytime activities, the script-driven recall of dreams and fantasies differentially activated a right hemisphere network including areas in the inferior frontal gyrus, and superior and middle temporal gyrus. Neural responses were significantly greater for fantasies than for dreams in all regions, and inversely proportional to the degree of bizarreness observed in narrative reports. The inferior frontal gyrus, superior and middle temporal gyrus have been implicated in the semantic activation, integration and selection needed to build a coherent story representation and to resolve semantic ambiguities; in deductive and inferential reasoning; in self-and other-perspective taking, theory of mind, moral and autobiographical reasoning. Their degree of activation could parallel the level of logical robustness or inconsistency experienced when integrating information and mental representations in the process of building fantasy and dream narratives.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Right hemisphere neural activations in the recall of waking fantasies and of dreams

Benedetti

Poletti

Radaelli

et al. 2015

Journal of Sleep Research

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“…There are different methods to study the capacity for dream recall: the morning recall by means of brief questionnaires or dream diaries or the recall after dream interruption. Both methods, if applied to frequent dreamers, revealed consistent results 9,10 . However, this consistency does not occur in infrequent dreamers, for whom the capacity for recall is greater in provoked awakenings 10 .…”

Section: Dream Recallmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Both methods, if applied to frequent dreamers, revealed consistent results 9,10 . However, this consistency does not occur in infrequent dreamers, for whom the capacity for recall is greater in provoked awakenings 10 .…”

Section: Dream Recallmentioning

confidence: 66%

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Rapid Eye Movements (REMs) and visual dream recall in both congenitally blind and sighted subjects

Bértolo

Mestre

Barrio

et al. 2017

Third International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics

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Our objective was to evaluate rapid eye movements (REMs) associated with visual dream recall in sighted subjects and congenital blind. During two consecutive nights polysomnographic recordings were performed at subjects home. REMs were detected by visual inspection on both EOG channels (EOG-H, EOG-V) and further classified as occurring isolated or in bursts. Dream recall was defined by the existence of a dream report. The two groups were compared using t-test and also the two-way ANOVA and a post-hoc Fisher test (for the features diagnosis (blind vs. sighted) and dream recall (yes or no) as a function of time). The average of REM awakenings per subject and the recall ability were identical in both groups. CB had a lower REM density than CS; the same applied to REM bursts and isolated eye movements. In the two-way ANOVA, REM bursts and REM density were significantly different for positive dream recall, mainly for the CB group and for diagnosis; furthermore for both features significant results were obtained for the interaction of time, recall and diagnosis; the interaction of recall and time was however, stronger. In line with previous findings the data show that blind have lower REMs density. However the ability of dream recall in congenitally blind and sighted controls is identical. In both groups visual dream recall is associated with an increase in REM bursts and density. REM bursts also show differences in the temporal profile. REM visual dream recall is associated with increased REMs activity. 3,4,5,6,7,8 . Keywords Dream recallThe study of dreams is closely related to the ability to recall them. There are different methods to study the capacity for dream recall: the morning recall by means of brief questionnaires or dream diaries or the recall after dream interruption. Both methods, if applied to frequent dreamers, revealed consistent results 9,10 . However, this consistency does not occur in infrequent dreamers, for whom the capacity for recall is greater in provoked awakenings 10 . , although it does increase with interest, motivation, moodiness and stress 14. The capacity for dream recall is also slightly higher in women.The content of dream recall varies throughout the night. At the beginning of the night daily residues, related to every day's activity predominate, whereas later in the night hallucinatory or complex character narrative is more frequent 11 . Oneiric dream contentRecall is also positively related to the vivacity, bizarreness and emotional content of dreams, which in turn are influenced by the oneiric visual content 15 .In fact, the richness and continuity of the visual content increases the capacity for spontaneous recall 16 . For these reasons the recall/visual content binomial assumes a particular relevance in the dreams of blind subjects. The works that consider that blind subjects do not have visual dream contents 17 , were contradicted by several studies, namely by one from our group 18 , which demonstrated that blind people do have the ability to draw their own dreams and,...

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“…Patients with unilateral hemispheric lesions in the temporo-parieto-occipital region presented a more frequent loss of dream recall than patients with lesions outside this area (7). In addition to brain lesion studies, the neuroimaging and neurological literature suggests that brain networks that are implicated in memory and emotional and reward processes and parieto-occipital regions may be involved in dream generation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the mystery of dreams

Lin¹,

Han²,

Lü³

2017

J. Thorac. Dis.

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Dreaming has always fascinated philosophers and psychologists. Freud, Jung, and other scientists made numerous speculations about the generation and purpose of dreams. However, even with decades of scientific research, the neural substrates of dreaming remain unclear. Since first described by Aserinsky and Kleitman in 1953 (1), rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep are two clearly distinct stages of sleep. REM sleep is characterized by wake-like brain activity on electroencephalograms (EEG). NREM sleep refers to other sleep stages apart from REM. The dreaming experience (DE) is often similar to perception in the real world, and brain activity during REM sleep is similar to a state of conscious. Since the 1950s, REM sleep has been considered the only sleep stage that can generate dreams (2). Nevertheless, this proposition was refuted by subsequent findings (3). Experimental data suggest that there is no absolute state that is specific to the generation of dreams. REM sleep is neither necessary nor sufficient for dream generation. In an interesting study that was recently published in Nature Neuroscience, Siclari et al. confirmed that dreams can occur during any sleep stage, albeit less often in NREM sleep (4). In their previous review, Nir and Tononi proposed that "It is time we moved beyond sleep stages when trying to link dream consciousness to neuronal events, and focused on more subtle features of brain activity in space and time" (5).This study made substantial efforts to illustrate the neural mechanisms that underlie dreams and provided preliminary evidence of decoding dream content.According to brain lesion studies by Solms, bilateral medial occipital-temporal lesions lead to the full or partial loss of visual imagery in dreams (6). Patients with unilateral hemispheric lesions in the temporo-parieto-occipital region presented a more frequent loss of dream recall than patients with lesions outside this area (7). In addition to brain lesion studies, the neuroimaging and neurological literature suggests that brain networks that are implicated in memory and emotional and reward processes and parieto-occipital regions may be involved in dream generation. A metaanalysis of positron emission tomography studies reported the lower activation of cognitive control networks and greater activation of limbic and prelimbic brain regions, reflecting a decrease in self-awareness (8) and increase in subjective experiences in dreams (5). However, the brain regions that are identified are not always consistent, and the precise neural underpinnings of dreaming remain elusive. Using a serial awakening method, Siclari and colleagues investigated the neural mechanisms of dreams using a within-state model separately for REM and NREM sleep because of the substantial distinctions between these sleep stages. According to self-reports after awakening, the state before waking can be divided into three categories: DE, experiencing something but cannot remember the content, or not experiencing anything (N...

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Dream Recall After Sleep Interruption in Brain-Injured Patients

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Right hemisphere neural activations in the recall of waking fantasies and of dreams

Right hemisphere neural activations in the recall of waking fantasies and of dreams

Rapid Eye Movements (REMs) and visual dream recall in both congenitally blind and sighted subjects

Unraveling the mystery of dreams

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