Dreams in Patients with Sleep Disorders

Schredl, Michael

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-6645-3.00052-9

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…2 According to the continuity model, compared to the healthy subjects, patients with insomnia have more negative contents in their dreams which are the reflection of stress of sleeplessness in the daytime to the dreams in the nighttime. 25 Results of the present study support both the above-mentioned hypotheses, because in addition to the sleep quality and insomnia severity, dream anxiety also did not differ between transplantation patients and control subjects. Moreover, according to the suggestion that daytime emotions affect the dreams, anxiety and depression levels were similar in both groups in the present study, also supporting the continuity model.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Dream anxiety in renal transplant recipients

2015

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Objective: Although low quality of sleep has been reported in kidney transplant patients with functioning allografts, there are no previous studies investigating the dreams of these patients. We aimed to investigate the differences in dream anxiety level between renal transplant patients and healthy control subjects. We also planned to compare depression and anxiety symptoms, sleep quality and sleepiness level between these two groups. Methods: Twenty-two living-donor renal transplant recipients followed at an outpatient nephrology clinic and 22 healthy controls were enrolled in this observational cross-sectional study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Dream anxiety in renal transplant recipients

2015

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“…However, evidence is given supporting the view that recent memory elements ("pre-sleep") do appear in dreams ("day-residue") and may be especially subject to consolidation (especially emotionally relevant information). Schredl [ 68 ] summarized the literature on dreams in patients with insomnia. Only few studies with relatively small samples dedicated themselves to this issue.…”

Section: Dreamingmentioning

confidence: 99%

REM Sleep Instability – A New Pathway for Insomnia?

et al. 2012

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Chronic insomnia afflicts approximately 10% of the adult population and is associated with daytime impairments and an elevated risk for developing somatic and mental disorders. Current pathophysiological models propose a persistent hyperarousal on the cognitive, emotional and physiological levels. However, the marked discrepancy between minor objective alterations in standard parameters of sleep continuity and the profound subjective impairment in patients with insomnia is unresolved. We propose that "instability" of REM sleep contributes to the experience of disrupted and non-restorative sleep and to the explanation of this discrepancy. This concept is based on evidence showing increased micro- and macro-arousals during REM sleep in insomnia patients. As REM sleep represents the most highly aroused brain state during sleep it seems particularly prone to fragmentation in individuals with persistent hyperarousal. The continuity hypothesis of dream production suggests that pre-sleep concerns of patients with insomnia, i. e., worries about poor sleep and its consequences, dominate their dream content. Enhanced arousal during REM sleep may render these wake-like cognitions more accessible to conscious perception, memory storage and morning recall, resulting in the experience of disrupted and non-restorative sleep. Furthermore, chronic fragmentation of REM sleep might lead to dysfunction in a ventral emotional neural network, including limbic and paralimbic areas that are specifically activated during REM sleep. This dysfunction, along with attenuated functioning in a dorsal executive neural network, including frontal and prefrontal areas, might contribute to emotional and cognitive alterations and an elevated risk of developing depression.

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“…This hypothesis states that (1) qualitative and quantitative aspects of dreams largely reflect waking-life experience (Domhoff, 2003;Schredl, 2003;Schredl, 2009) and (2) the likelihood of specific experiences, thoughts, and feelings of the waking life to be incorporated into subsequent dreams is modulated by several factors [such as emotional involvement, type of waking-life experience, personality traits, and time of the night (Schredl, 2003(Schredl, , 2009. Beyond this essentially psychological perspective, the hypothesis has been supported by a recent neuroimaging study that showed direct relationships between volumetric and ultrastructural measures of the hippocampus-amygdala complex and specific qualitative (mainly, emotions and bizarreness) features of dreaming .…”

Section: The Continuity Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recalling and Forgetting Dreams: Theta and Alpha Oscillations during Sleep Predict Subsequent Dream Recall

Marzano

Ferrara²,

Mauro³

et al. 2011

J. Neurosci.

121

159

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Under the assumption that dream recall is a peculiar form of declarative memory, we have hypothesized that (1) the encoding of dream contents during sleep should share some electrophysiological mechanisms with the encoding of episodic memories of the awake brain and (2) recalling a dream(s) after awakening from non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep should be associated with different brain oscillations. Here, we report that cortical brain oscillations of human sleep are predictive of successful dream recall. In particular, after morning awakening from REM sleep, a higher frontal 5-7 Hz (theta) activity was associated with successful dream recall. This finding mirrors the increase in frontal theta activity during successful encoding of episodic memories in wakefulness. Moreover, in keeping with the different EEG background, a different predictive relationship was found after awakening from stage 2 NREM sleep. Specifically, a lower 8 -12 Hz (alpha) oscillatory activity of the right temporal area was associated with a successful dream recall. These findings provide the first evidence of univocal cortical electroencephalographic correlates of dream recall, suggesting that the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the encoding and recall of episodic memories may remain the same across different states of consciousness.

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Dreams in Patients with Sleep Disorders

Cited by 12 publications

References 54 publications

Dream anxiety in renal transplant recipients

Dream anxiety in renal transplant recipients

REM Sleep Instability – A New Pathway for Insomnia?

Recalling and Forgetting Dreams: Theta and Alpha Oscillations during Sleep Predict Subsequent Dream Recall

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