Dried Blood Spot in Toxicology: Current Knowledge

Niemiec, Agnieszka

doi:10.3390/separations8090145

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The first use of dried blood microsamples was reported in 1961, when a neonatal screening for metabolic diseases was developed (Guthrie, 1961). The interest increased rapidly, and besides clinical diagnostics, applications in the field of drug‐of‐abuse testing followed (Henion et al, 2013; Lehmann et al, 2013; Lim, 2018; Niemiec, 2021). The potential of dried blood spots (DBS) as a complementary matrix for anti‐doping controls was discovered about two decades ago (Peng et al, 2000), leading to further studies and investigations targeting various groups of prohibited substances and methods (Thevis, 2021; Thevis et al, 2022; Thomas et al, 2011, 2012; Yuan et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dried blood spots for doping controls—Development of a comprehensive initial testing procedure with fully automated sample preparation

Garzinsky

Thomas

Guddat

et al. 2023

Biomedical Chromatography

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Currently, primarily urine, whole blood and serum samples are analyzed for dopingrelevant substances in professional sports, but recently dried blood spots (DBS) have been introduced as complementary matrix, offering advantageous features, e.g. a minimally invasive sampling procedure. In order to cope with the increased application of DBS, a comprehensive initial testing procedure (ITP) was developed, optimized and validated, comprising a total of 233 substances representing all groups on the World Anti-Doping Agency's (WADA's) Prohibited List. The sample preparation was conducted by employing a fully automated system using an efficient flowthrough extraction of a 4 mm diameter spot followed by LC-HRMS/MS analysis. The procedure was successfully validated in terms of selectivity, limit of detection, reproducibility, carryover and robustness with respect to an alternative manual sample preparation, an alternative dried blood collection device and the sample extract stability, and was thus found to meet the required criteria of the relevant guidelines published by WADA for routine application. As a proof-of-concept, DBS samples were analyzed after the administration of the glucocorticoids prednisone and dexamethasone, as well as the stimulant pseudoephedrine and the beta-blocker propranolol. All substances were detected in post-administration samples for at least 4 h and up to 24 h after intake, depending on the collection time period, using the developed testing procedure. In particular, for substances that are only banned in-competition, data obtained from DBS samples can be useful for the interpretation of adverse analytical findings. In conclusion, the developed ITP accounts for the anticipated increasing relevance of DBS in anti-doping analysis in the future and provides a foundation for optimized approaches for specific substance classes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dried blood spots for doping controls—Development of a comprehensive initial testing procedure with fully automated sample preparation

Garzinsky

Thomas

Guddat

et al. 2023

Biomedical Chromatography

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Advanced trends in detecting boldenone, its metabolites, and precursors in biological matrices: an integrative review of chromatographic methods

Mendoza Sanabria,

Cárdenas,

Costa

et al. 2024

Anal. Methods

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Therapeutic monitoring of antipsychotics with a focus on lurasidone and its dosing

Strašilová,

Turjap,

Juřica

2023

Čes. slov. farm.

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Dose-response relationships are not fully understood for antipsychotics. Especially in the case of multimodal antipsychotics, these relationships cannot be simplified to the level of dopaminergic receptor occupancy alone. In general, for most antipsychotics, there is no linear dose-response relationship. Reasons for this include, among others, pharmacokinetic factors affecting plasma levels. Based on meta-analyses, the doseresponse curve appears to be bell-shaped. However, in the case of some antipsychotics, it appears that even increasing the dose beyond the recommended range could yield further increases in efficacy. It should be stressed that this is an off-label procedure and cannot generally be recommended and there is not enough valid information for general conclusions for these antipsychotics either. Mini-invasive sampling and alternative matrices such as saliva or dry blood spots could open the way to more frequent monitoring of antipsychotics and a better understanding of doseresponse relationships.

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Dried Blood Spot in Toxicology: Current Knowledge

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Dried blood spots for doping controls—Development of a comprehensive initial testing procedure with fully automated sample preparation

Dried blood spots for doping controls—Development of a comprehensive initial testing procedure with fully automated sample preparation

Advanced trends in detecting boldenone, its metabolites, and precursors in biological matrices: an integrative review of chromatographic methods

Therapeutic monitoring of antipsychotics with a focus on lurasidone and its dosing

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