Drilling Dynamics Data Recorders Now Cost-Effective for Every Operator - Compact Embedded Sensors in Bit and BHA Capture Small Data to Make the Right Decisions Fast

Abstract

Historically, everyday drilling dynamics measurements rely on the data captured at Measurement While Drilling (MWD) tools. These measurements only provide data at the location where the MWD is placed in the bottom-hole assembly (BHA). Embedding cost-effective sensors at the drill bit, bit box of steerable motor, top sub of the steerable motor and in the BHA provide data at point of insertion giving a much clearer understanding of downhole dynamics. The sensor package discussed in this paper contains 3-axis vibration, 3-axis shock, two temperature sensors and a new 3-axis gyro. The new 3-axis solid-state gyro sensors were added in the data recorder to measure accurate rotation speed, torsional oscillation and stick-slip at the bit, bit box and other parts of the BHA/drillstring. The data retrieved at the in-bit and bit-box drilling dynamics recorders, along with other points in the BHA, confirmed the effectiveness of "at-point" measurements for correlating bit conditions with downhole drilling dynamics. This granularity of the drilling dynamics data captured "at-point" is typically not seen from an MWD sensor. The in-bit and at-bit measurements revealed critical drilling dynamics dysfunctions that effected bit performance and life. Significant temperature increases at the bit were noted in certain formations where excessive dysfunctions were present. This paper describes the results obtained from "at-point" sensors while drilling in some of the harsher plays in North America Land (NAL). Using proprietary software, the downhole data was merged with EDR data to show the relationship between surface and downhole. Since the bit is typically semi-decoupled from the drillstring (through the mud motor power section), the data gathered from the in-bit and bit-box sensors provide a new dimension of data for bit and drilling tool development.

Vibration of drilling motors in unconventional oil and gas exploration with a miniature recorder

“…The oil and gas industry becomes more concerned with its understanding of drilling inefficiency and identifying factors that reduce drilling performance caused by adverse drilling vibration. It is well known that adverse drilling vibration, such as shock and vibration [3], are major causes of bottom hole assembly (BHA) tool damages and undermine drilling performance [4–6]. Drill string shock and vibration (S&V) can be divided into three types: axial, lateral, and torsional, as shown in Fig.…”