Drink and smoke; drink or smoke? The interdependence between alcohol and cigarette consumption for men in China

Ren, Yanjun; Campos, Bente Castro; Loy, Jens‐Peter

doi:10.1007/s00181-018-1557-x

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Since health insurance coverage has been found to affect the insured’s health behaviour and chronic disease outcomes,31–33 we also include a dummy for health insurance coverage in the analysis. Moreover, many studies have found that drinking and smoking are closely related21 29 34; we follow this strand of literature and include a dummy for smokers in the analysis. Finally, we include a dummy for whether other household members drink to capture family drinking culture.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic disease diagnoses on alcohol consumption among elderly individuals: longitudinal evidence from China

Chen

Zhang

2022

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesThis study estimates the effect of chronic disease diagnoses (CDDs) on elderly Chinese individuals’ alcohol consumption behaviour.Subjects and participantsOur analysis was applied to a publicly available dataset that covers 5724 individuals aged 50 or above and spans 15 years (2000–2015: six waves) from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.DesignThe outcome variables are elderly individuals’ weekly consumption of alcoholic beverages: beer, red wine, Chinese spirits and total alcohol intake. The explanatory variable of primary interest is the number of chronic diseases diagnosed (including hypertension, diabetes, stroke and myocardial infarction). Other covariates concern sample individuals’ sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. A Chamberlain-Mundlak correlated random-effect Tobit model is adopted to simultaneously account for the clustering of ‘zeros’ in the outcome variable and endogeneity issues such as omitted variables and reverse causality.ResultsOur estimation suggests that, on average, an additional chronic disease diagnosed by medical doctors reduced an elderly Chinese individual’s weekly consumption of beer, red wine and Chinese spirits, respectively, by 1.49 (95% CI −2.85 to –0.13), 0.93 (95% CI −1.63 to –0.23) and 0.89 (95% CI −1.23 to –0.54) ounces. These effects translate into a reduction of 0.95 (95% CI −1.29 to –0.60) ounces in total weekly alcohol consumption and a reduction of 24% (95% CI −0.35 to –0.14) in the incidence of excessive drinking. Further explorations suggest that elderly Chinese individuals’ alcohol consumption is most responsive to diabetes and stroke diagnoses, but the effects vary across different beverages. Moreover, males, rural residents, smokers and those living with non-drinkers respond to CDDs more strongly than their respective counterparts.ConclusionWhile CDDs reduced alcohol consumption among elderly Chinese individuals, they failed to stop all heavy drinkers from excessive drinking. Relevant policies and measures are thus needed to urge heavy drinking patients to quit excessive drinking.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic disease diagnoses on alcohol consumption among elderly individuals: longitudinal evidence from China

Chen

Zhang

2022

BMJ Open

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“…Since in the raw data, beer consumption was measured in bottles (one bottle = 600 ml), while wine and Baijiu consumption in liang (one liang = 50 grams), we converted the units of weekly consumption of these three alcoholic beverages uniformly into grams (g) for ease of comparison. To further calculate one’s total alcohol intake, we followed Ren, Castro Campos and Loy (2020) and multiplied the weekly consumption of these beverages by the percentage of their alcohol content (i.e., 0.04 g/ml for beer, 0.52 g/ml for Baijiu , and 0.10 g/ml for wine), to obtain the weekly alcohol intake associated with the consumption of each of these three beverages. Summing across the three beverages yields the total alcohol intake, based upon which an “excessive drinking” variable was further constructed.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hypertension diagnoses on alcohol consumption among Chinese Adults—A Two-dimensional regression discontinuity analysis

Huang,

Dang,

et al. 2024

J Wine Econ

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Exploiting the fact that hypertension is diagnosed when a person’s blood pressure reading exceeds a medically specified threshold (90 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure or 140 mmHg for systolic blood pressure), this study estimates the effect of a first-ever hypertension diagnosis on Chinese adults’ alcohol consumption using a two-dimensional regression discontinuity design. Analyzing data on 10,787 adults from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, our estimation reveals that hypertension diagnoses based on diastolic blood pressure readings exert a number of desirable effects. Hypertensive adults’ drinking frequency and the incidence of excessive drinking among them were reduced by 1.2 times/week and 17.9 percentage points, respectively, about three years after the diagnosis. Meanwhile, their beer and Chinese spirits (Baijiu) intakes were reduced by 518.6 ml/week and 194.8 ml/week, respectively. Interestingly, we also found modest evidence that hypertension diagnoses based on diastolic blood pressure readings increase Chinese adults’ wine intake, suggesting a substitution pattern upon hypertension diagnoses. In contrast, based on systolic blood pressure readings, no significant effects of hypertension diagnoses on alcohol consumption were found.

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“…Secondly, there is an inherent correlation between taxation and economic growth and should be considered comprehensively. Finally, the reform of the tax system will affect the changes in the proportion of various taxes in the total tax level, which in turn affects the level of taxation and economic growth, and changes in the tax system structure will also have an impact on the level of taxation ( Amarasinghe et al, 2018 ; Ren et al, 2020 ; Zheng et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Study Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on China’s Tobacco Taxation and Its Influencing Factor on Economic Growth

Zhao

2022

Front. Psychol.

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Tobacco is a significant product providing considerable economic benefits to countries worldwide, while its increased consumption causes health and socio-economic losses for smokers and non-smokers. This paper constructs a decomposition system of tobacco taxation: the population aging factor is included in the influencing factors of personal tax, and personal tax revenue is regarded as the product of tax structure, macro tax burden, regional economy, reciprocal aging, and the elderly population. This article conducts an empirical study on the relationship between taxation and economic growth. The estimated coefficients of business tax and corporate income tax are significant at the significance level of 0.1, with a consumption tax and time-variable coefficients reporting a 0.02 level of significance. The T statistic value and the explanatory degree of the variables involved in the model to the explained variables are also very high, reaching more than 95%. We find that increasing the macro tax burden negatively impacts economic growth. Therefore, the study suggests that for fostering the industry’s economic growth, the country needs to ensure the optimal macro tax burden of 17.5%, with different types of taxes influencing economic growth. Personal tax reform should pay attention to the phenomenon of aging, adjust the tax structure to increase personal tax income, provide policy support and guarantee for the elderly labor force, and encourage the re-employment of silver-haired people to alleviate the adverse impact of aging on taxation.

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Drink and smoke; drink or smoke? The interdependence between alcohol and cigarette consumption for men in China

Cited by 9 publications

References 53 publications

Effects of chronic disease diagnoses on alcohol consumption among elderly individuals: longitudinal evidence from China

Effects of chronic disease diagnoses on alcohol consumption among elderly individuals: longitudinal evidence from China

Effects of hypertension diagnoses on alcohol consumption among Chinese Adults—A Two-dimensional regression discontinuity analysis

A Study on China’s Tobacco Taxation and Its Influencing Factor on Economic Growth

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