“…As such, the first goal of this collaboration is to examine the invariance of the four-factor structure of the measure of drinking motives (Cooper, 1994;Kuntsche & Kuntsche, 2009) across 10 nations. To date, the factor structure has been shown to be highly similar across all countries examined, including the United States, Brazil, Canada, Switzerland, England, Hungary, Australia, Spain, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Scotland, Slovakia, and Wales (Crutzen & Kuntsche, 2012;Hauck-Filho, Teixeira, & Cooper, 2012;Kuntsche et al, 2014;Kuntsche, Stewart, & Cooper, 2008;Lyvers, Hasking, Hani, Rhodes, & Trew, 2010;Mazzardis, Vieno, Kuntsche, & Santinello, 2010;Németh et al, 2011). Only a handful of studies have directly compared the structure of motives across countries (Kuntsche et al, 2008;Kuntsche et al, 2014;Németh et al, 2011) and have found support for the invariance of the four-factor structure of drinking motives across the countries compared.…”