Drinking seawater: Investigations into desalination

Bohulu, Eunice; Ntombela, Nothando; Low, Michelle; Ming, David; Harding, Kevin G.

doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2019.06.018

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It plays an essential role for all living organisms on the planet, especially for that of mankind. Although the earth contains approximately 1.386 billion km 3 of water, the entirety of it is unevenly distributed across the globe in various forms and with varying levels of accessibility. Of this approximate total, an immense 97% of it lies in oceanic form, with the remaining 2% found in glaciers and ice caps, and only about 1% available as freshwater resources [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many coastal countries such as South Africa are perfectly suited for utilizing the process of desalination to produce treated seawater as an alternative to fresh water sources that are quickly depleting. The desalination process involves the formation of fresh water from seawater by removing the dissolved salts from the recovered water [3]. Reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF) and electrodialysis (ED) are among the membrane-based technologies that are currently dominating the market for water desalination [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Application of Modified Micro-Scaled Titanium Dioxide for Photocatalytic Degradation of E. Coli and Total Coliform in Seawater Using UVLight

2023

Nov. 16-17, 2023 Johannesburg (South Africa)Back 39th JOHANNESBURG International Conference on “Chemical, Biological and Enviro

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water is one of the earth's most fundamental resources which plays an essential role for all living organisms on the planet. Although the earth contains approximately 1.386 billion km 3 of water, an immense 97% of it lies in oceanic form, and only about 1% available as freshwater resources. It is estimated that by the year 2040, 33 countries will face severe water-stress with an overall 167 countries experiencing low to high withdrawals of their water supply. Herein, using photocatalysis as a pre-treatment process of seawater as an alternative water source in South Africa comes in handy. Therefore, this study explored the potential of an integrated photocatalyst (IPCA) for photocatalytic degradation of bacteria in sea water under a UV-light source. The IPCA was synthesized by impregnating nanoparticle carbon-modified titanium dioxide (CM-n-TiO2) with activated carbon (AC). Three operating conditions investigated included the catalyst load (0.25; 1.375 and 2.5 g/L), pH (3; 7.8 and 10) and reaction time (10; 20 and 30 minutes). At an optimum catalyst load of 2.5g/L, pH of 10 and a reaction time of 30 minutes, a minimum of 93.06% degradation of total coliform and 97.97% degradation of E. coli was achieved. It was deduced, the characterised high surface area (357.824 m 2 /g) of the AC-CM-n-TiO2 enhanced its agglomeration and photocatalytic efficiency of the treated seawater, as compared to CM-n-TiO2 with surface area of 87.077 m 2 /g.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Modified Micro-Scaled Titanium Dioxide for Photocatalytic Degradation of E. Coli and Total Coliform in Seawater Using UVLight

2023

Nov. 16-17, 2023 Johannesburg (South Africa)Back 39th JOHANNESBURG International Conference on “Chemical, Biological and Enviro

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Nanotechnology Use in Water Purification for Sustainable Development of Middle East

Abu Hilal,

Saleh

2024

ANDD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Growing world population and increasing demands have put considerable pressure on natural resources and the environment. As a result of this situation, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have been established to safeguard rights and ensure that everyone's fundamental needs are met by 2030. It is one of the goals of the program to ensure that clean water and sanitation are accessible to all. In this review, we focus on the water crisis in the Middle East, a region with limited water resources and a growing population. The use of nanotechnology as a transformative solution for water purification and sanitation is proposed in this paper. In addition to addressing the water challenges in the Middle East, this technology can also contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals' vision of providing universal, affordable, and sustainable access to clean water.

show abstract

Possibility of Implementing Large-Scale Solar Desalination System in the Republic of South Africa

Msomi

2024

Water

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper examines the viability of introducing solar thermal desalination technology as a means to supplement existing water production methods in the Republic of South Africa (RSA). The study provides an overview of the current state of desalination technology in the country. A key aspect of this study involves comparing the RSA with the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, using publicly available studies and reports. The focus of this comparison is to highlight the potential implementation of large-scale solar desalination in the RSA by evaluating the respective resources and environmental data that directly impact the input and output of a thermal desalination system. The study comparatively analyzes the environmental conditions and seawater salinity of the RSA and the MENA region. The RSA receives a higher solar irradiation range of 4.5–6.5 kWh/m2, whereas the MENA region experiences a range of 3.5–5.5 kWh/m2. Additionally, the salinity of the RSA’s seawater ranges between 35 and 35.5 parts per thousand, which is lower than the MENA region’s range of 36–40 parts per thousand. The study also reviews and proposes the adoption of an emerging thermal desalination method that has been successfully tested in the MENA region and other countries, based on its performance.

show abstract

Drinking seawater: Investigations into desalination

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Application of Modified Micro-Scaled Titanium Dioxide for Photocatalytic Degradation of E. Coli and Total Coliform in Seawater Using UVLight

Application of Modified Micro-Scaled Titanium Dioxide for Photocatalytic Degradation of E. Coli and Total Coliform in Seawater Using UVLight

Nanotechnology Use in Water Purification for Sustainable Development of Middle East

Possibility of Implementing Large-Scale Solar Desalination System in the Republic of South Africa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About