Drinking water application of Denagard® Tiamulin for control of Brachyspira pilosicoli infection of laying poultry

Woodward, Martin J.; Mappley, Luke J.; Roy, Caroline; Claus, Sandrine P.; Davies, P. H.; Thompson, Gavin; Ragione, Roberto M. La

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.09.015

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Susceptibilities of isolates from chickens are similar to those found with pigs (217,218). Tiamulin and lincomycin are the most commonly used antimicrobials for the control of AIS (64,132,219), although to avoid toxicity, tiamulin should not be used in combination with the commonly used ionophores such as monensin, salinomycin, or narasin. Effective longterm control of AIS in breeding flocks may require regular treatments with courses of antimicrobials, for example, given at 1-to 2-month intervals, together with thorough housecleaning and implementation of strict biosecurity measures designed to prevent spread of infection between houses.…”

Section: Antimicrobialsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Lymphoid hyperplasia with proliferation of ellipsoid macrophages and germinal centers and the presence of pyknotic and karyorrhectic debris also was observed in the spleens of the birds (83). In a subsequent experiment, B. pilosicoli again was identified in the livers and spleens of chickens that were infected by the oral route (132).…”

Section: Observations In Natural and Experimental Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 86%

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The Spirochete Brachyspira pilosicoli, Enteric Pathogen of Animals and Humans

Hampson

2018

Clin Microbiol Rev

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SUMMARY Brachyspira pilosicoli is a slow-growing anaerobic spirochete that colonizes the large intestine. Colonization occurs commonly in pigs and adult chickens, causing colitis/typhlitis, diarrhea, poor growth rates, and reduced production. Colonization of humans also is common in some populations (individuals living in village and peri-urban settings in developing countries, recent immigrants from developing countries, homosexual males, and HIV-positive patients), but the spirochete rarely is investigated as a potential human enteric pathogen. In part this is due to its slow growth and specialized growth requirements, meaning that it is not detectable in human fecal samples using routine diagnostic methods. Nevertheless, it has been identified histologically attached to the colon and rectum in patients with conditions such as chronic diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and/or nonspecific abdominal discomfort, and one survey of Australian Aboriginal children showed that colonization was significantly associated with failure to thrive. B. pilosicoli has been detected in the bloodstream of elderly patients or individuals with chronic conditions such as alcoholism and malignancies. This review describes the spirochete and associated diseases. It aims to encourage clinicians and clinical microbiologists to consider B. pilosicoli in their differential diagnoses and to develop and use appropriate diagnostic protocols to identify the spirochete in clinical specimens.

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Section: Antimicrobialsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Observations In Natural and Experimental Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 86%

The Spirochete Brachyspira pilosicoli, Enteric Pathogen of Animals and Humans

Hampson

2018

Clin Microbiol Rev

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“…However, treatment is commonly achieved using antibiotics such as linco-spectin and tiamulin at 25 mg/kg of body weight per day, although this dosage regimen is derived from studies in pigs. Recently, we investigated the optimum dose to treat laying hens and demonstrated that 250 ppm given in drinking water over 3 days reduce infection significantly, but the bacterium was still detectable at the end of the study (3 weeks after the end of the treatment) ( 71 ). Notwithstanding the use of antibiotic for intervention, it remains crucial to find alternative solutions to prevent AIS to protect animal welfare and consumers.…”

Section: Antibiotics: a Controversial Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachyspira pilosicoli-induced avian intestinal spirochaetosis

Roy

Mappley

Ragione

et al. 2015

Microbial Ecology in Health & Disease

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Avian intestinal spirochaetosis (AIS) is a common disease occurring in poultry that can be caused by Brachyspira pilosicoli, a Gram-negative bacterium of the order Spirochaetes. During AIS, this opportunistic pathogen colonises the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract of poultry (principally, the ileum, caeca, and colon), which can cause symptoms such as diarrhoea, reduced growth rate, and reduced egg production and quality. Due to the large increase of bacterial resistance to antibiotic treatment, the European Union banned in 2006 the prophylactic use of antibiotics as growth promoters in livestock. Consequently, the number of outbreaks of AIS has dramatically increased in the UK resulting in significant economic losses. This review summarises the current knowledge about AIS infection caused by B. pilosicoli and discusses various treatments and prevention strategies to control AIS.

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“…Indeed, the cause for symptoms such as weight loss and decreased egg production are still unclear. In a recent study [15], the efficiency of three doses of Tiamulin™ to treat laying hens orally challenged with B. pilosicoli B2904 was evaluated and revealed that infection was associated with decreased growth rate and that birds treated with Tiamulin™ recovered from infection regardless of the dose used while weight maintenance was only observed in response to the two highest doses. Furthermore, Tiamulin™ reduced significantly other infection-associated symptoms as well as systemic spread of B. pilosicoli .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the host and its gut microbiota). In this paper, we present results obtained following the analysis of biopsy and biofluid samples collected during the previous study [15]. To evaluate host systemic metabolic response to infection and antibiotic treatment we used 1 H-NMR-based metabolomics that allows a non-targeted evaluation of metabolic fluctuations occurring in biological systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic treatment triggers gut dysbiosis and modulates metabolism in a chicken model of gastro-intestinal infection

et al. 2019

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BackgroundInfection of the digestive track by gastro-intestinal pathogens results in the development of symptoms ranging from mild diarrhea to more severe clinical signs such as dysentery, severe dehydration and potentially death. Although, antibiotics are efficient to tackle infections, they also trigger dysbiosis that has been suggested to result in variation in weight gain in animal production systems.ResultsHere is the first study demonstrating the metabolic impact of infection by a gastro-intestinal pathogen (Brachyspira pilosicoli) and its resolution by antibiotic treatment (tiamulin) on the host (chicken) systemic metabolism and gut microbiota composition using high-resolution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and 16S rDNA next generation sequencing (NGS). Clear systemic metabolic markers of infections such as glycerol and betaine were identified. Weight loss in untreated animals was in part explained by the observation of a modification of systemic host energy metabolism characterized by the utilization of glycerol as a glucose precursor. However, antibiotic treatment triggered an increased VLDL/HDL ratio in plasma that may contribute to reducing weight loss observed in treated birds. All metabolic responses co-occurred with significant shift of the microbiota upon infection or antibiotic treatment.ConclusionThis study indicates that infection and antibiotic treatment trigger dysbiosis that may impact host systemic energy metabolism and cause phenotypic and health modifications.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-018-1761-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Drinking water application of Denagard® Tiamulin for control of Brachyspira pilosicoli infection of laying poultry

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

The Spirochete Brachyspira pilosicoli, Enteric Pathogen of Animals and Humans

The Spirochete Brachyspira pilosicoli, Enteric Pathogen of Animals and Humans

Brachyspira pilosicoli-induced avian intestinal spirochaetosis

Antibiotic treatment triggers gut dysbiosis and modulates metabolism in a chicken model of gastro-intestinal infection

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