Drinking water status in Nepal: an overview in the context of climate change

Sharma, Subodh; Baidya, Manish; Poudel, Prativa; Panthi, Saroj; Pote-Shrestha, R. R.; Ghimire, Anish; Pradhan, Shreekar

doi:10.2166/washdev.2021.045

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…for example, if water is used for domestic purposes, simple screening or sedimentation is enough, but if it is used for drinking purposes, high-level purification and treatment are required. Our result differs from the study of Sharma et al (2021) 4). The results show that the value of R Square is .631and the p-value is insignificant, which is a better-fit value for the forecasting model (see Table 2).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Study on Potential and Practices of Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting System in Oxford College of Engineering and Management

KC¹,

Bhandari²,

Timilsena³

et al. 2023

OCEM J. Mgt Tech. Soc. Sci.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the possibility of promoting rooftop rainwater harvesting to address future water scarcity in the Oxford College of Engineering and Management Nawalparasi district. AutoCAD software drew accepted plans and maps; manual measurement was done with measuring tape since some parts were missing. The results show that the linear forecast 1558.139, 1581.57mm,1548.63mm, 1598.14mm and 1570.64mm. The volume of water is 5135.54, 5028.16, 5188.94, 5099.68 respectively. It also shows the calculation of water demand which is 5,820,000 liters per year, and the water harvested is 5188946.58 liters per year. Finally, with this ratio, we realized we could fulfil 89.15% of water demand through water harvesting. The time series relevant results indicated that the A.R.I.M.A. model of forecasting rainfall was based on (0.1.0), signifying the R Square value is .631 and the p-value is insignificant (p > 250), which is better for this forecasting model.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Study on Potential and Practices of Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting System in Oxford College of Engineering and Management

KC¹,

Bhandari²,

Timilsena³

et al. 2023

OCEM J. Mgt Tech. Soc. Sci.

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“…100 The review by Sharma et al reports that the drying of spring, stream, and point water sources increased by ≤50% in different regions of Nepal from 2004 to 2014. 101 A study by Gurung et al describes the water scarcity in hilly and mountainous regions in Nepal due to climate change. 102 Similarly, low rainfall and increased frequency of floods and droughts have become more common in the plainlands of Nepal.…”

Section: Challenges In the Current Wash Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Observations from July 2002 to June 2014 showed that a 1 °C increase in mean temperature and a 1 cm increase in annual rainfall caused increases in the incidence of diarrheal diseases of 4.39% and 0.28%, respectively . Due to the increase in temperature, environmental conditions become more favorable for Anopheles and Ades mosquitoes, which are the common disease-causing vectors in Terai of Nepal. , A study in two highly endemic districts for malaria reported a 25% increase in the number of cases of malaria for a 1 °C increase in mean temperature. These impacts of climate change in Nepal eventually disrupt the sustainability and functionality of WASH facilities, cause environmental contamination, and increase water scarcity due to increasing temperature and decreasing rainfall.…”

Section: Challenges In the Current Wash Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More than half of the global population are predicted to face water scarcity by 2025, and ∼700 million people may be displaced by 2030 due to acute water scarcity . The review by Sharma et al reports that the drying of spring, stream, and point water sources increased by ≤50% in different regions of Nepal from 2004 to 2014 . A study by Gurung et al describes the water scarcity in hilly and mountainous regions in Nepal due to climate change .…”

Section: Challenges In the Current Wash Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene of Nepal: Status, Challenges, and Opportunities

et al. 2023

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Access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) has been a challenge to south Asia’s rapidly growing and climate change-sensitive region. Nepal, a water-abundant country, faces obstacles to fulfilling the highly prioritized WASH Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6). This review offers details about Nepal’s WASH status from 2000 to 2020 with regard to the challenges Nepal had in delivering reliable WASH services to the people, as well as opportunities for a sustainable way forward, and provides insights that can be applied to other developing countries. From analysis of national-level assessments, estimates point toward healthy progress in extending WASH access to the population. However, large inequalities persist at the subnational level between urban and rural residents, between poor and rich residents, and between genders. Many local constraints such as a lack of long-term infrastructural capacity to provide and maintain WASH services, financial issues, and institutional and policy incompatibilities are some of the key factors that technical considerations and private sector involvement could address. We also propose roles for Nepal’s central, provincial, and local governments for identification and adaptation to the undeniable risks of climate change. Furthermore, there is a need to capitalize on the potential opportunities for developing a much-needed robust and climate-resilient WASH sector in Nepal, safeguarding the rights of future generations to safe and clean water.

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“…Such activities were often initiated by the wealthier households (Rajouria et al Forthcoming). In Nepal, this widely observed fate of externally supported water infrastructure -also for irrigation schemes for that matter -is compounded by threats of extreme natural events, including floods, landslides, windstorms, hailstorms, fires, earthquakes and, with increasing temperatures due to climate change, the melting of glaciers (Sharma et al 2021). Each of the following challenges further contributes to the low functionality of externally supported water infrastructure.…”

Section: Externally Financed Wash Infrastructure Is Often Dysfunctionalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender equality and social inclusion in community-led multiple use water services in Nepal

Koppen¹,

Raut²,

Rajouria³

et al. 2022

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Working PapersThe publications in this series record the work and thinking of IWMI researchers, and knowledge that the Institute's scientific management feels is worthy of documenting. This series will ensure that scientific data and other information gathered or prepared as a part of the research work of the Institute are recorded and referenced. Working Papers could include project reports, case studies, conference or workshop proceedings, discussion papers or reports on progress of research, country-specific research reports, monographs, etc. Working Papers may be copublished, by IWMI and partner organizations. Although most of the reports are published by IWMI staff and their collaborators, we welcome contributions from others. Each report is reviewed internally by IWMI staff. The reports are published and distributed both in hard copy and electronically (www.iwmi.org) and where possible all data and analyses will be available as separate downloadable files. Reports may be copied freely and cited with due acknowledgment. About IWMIThe International Water Management Institute (IWMI) is an international, research-for-development organization that works with governments, civil society and the private sector to solve water problems in developing countries and scale up solutions. Through partnership, IWMI combines research on the sustainable use of water and land resources, knowledge services and products with capacity strengthening, dialogue and policy analysis to support implementation of water management solutions for agriculture, ecosystems, climate change and inclusive economic growth. Headquartered in Colombo, Sri Lanka, IWMI is a CGIAR Research Center and leads the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). www.iwmi.org

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Drinking water status in Nepal: an overview in the context of climate change

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Study on Potential and Practices of Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting System in Oxford College of Engineering and Management

Study on Potential and Practices of Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting System in Oxford College of Engineering and Management

Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene of Nepal: Status, Challenges, and Opportunities

Gender equality and social inclusion in community-led multiple use water services in Nepal

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