“…The proportion of energy losses during impact driving can reach around 5.0-10.0% for large diameter offshore monopiles (Vantomme et al, 2019). This work mainly focuses on the hammer energy dissipation process in the soil, the associated energy losses are thus not involved as the water domain needs to be modeled using the complex acoustic elements, also the effect of noise is not considered in the numerical model (Flynn and McCabe, 2019). This section will provide insights into the dissipation and exchange of different energy terms during a hammer blow and during the whole process.…”