Drivers of COVID-19 Stay at Home Orders: Epidemiologic, Economic, or Political Concerns?

Kosnik, Lea-Rachel; Bellas, Allen

doi:10.1007/s41885-020-00073-0

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Other studies have shown that Democratic governors were more likely to issue stay-at-home orders with longer durations. 4,5 Moreover, decisions by Republican governors in spring 2020 to retract policies, such as the lifting of stay-at-home orders on April 28 in Georgia, 22…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Moreover, another study found that Democratic governors had longer durations of stay-at-home orders. 5 Further, researchers identified governor Democratic political party affiliation as the most important predictor of state mandates to wear face masks. 6 Although recent studies have examined individual state policies, such as mandates to socially distance, wear masks, and close schools and parks, 3,4,[6][7][8] multiple policies may act together to impact the spread of COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Associations Between Governor Political Affiliation and COVID-19 Cases, Deaths, and Testing in the U.S.

Neelon¹,

Mutiso²,

Mueller³

et al. 2021

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Governor Political Affiliation and COVID-19 Cases, Deaths, and Testing in the U.S.

Neelon¹,

Mutiso²,

Mueller³

et al. 2021

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…3,6 Other studies have shown that Democratic governors were more likely to issue stay-at-home orders with longer durations. 4,5 Moreover, decisions by Republican governors in spring 2020 to retract policies, such as the lifting of stay-at-home orders on April 28 in Georgia, 22 may have contributed to increased cases and deaths. Thus, governors’ political affiliation might function as an upstream progenitor of multifaceted policies that, in unison, impact the spread of the virus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Moreover, another study found that Democratic governors had longer durations of stay-athome orders. 5 Further, researchers identified governor Democratic political party affiliation as the most important predictor of state mandates to wear face masks. 6 Although recent studies have examined individual state policies, such as mandates to socially distance, wear masks, and close schools and parks, 3,4,6-8 multiple policies may act in unison to impact the spread of COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between governor political affiliation and COVID-19 cases, deaths, and testing in the United States

Neelon

Mutiso

Mueller

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Introduction As the response to the COVID-19 pandemic has become increasingly politicized in the United States (US), political party affiliation of state leaders may contribute to policies affecting the spread of the disease. We examined differences in COVID-19 infection and death rates stratified by governor party affiliation across the 50 US states and the District of Columbia (DC). Methods We conducted a longitudinal analysis examining daily COVID-19 incidence and death rates from March 1 to September 30, 2020, for each US state and DC. We fit a Bayesian negative binomial model to estimate adjusted daily risk ratios (RRs) and posterior intervals (PIs) comparing infection and death rates by gubernatorial (mayoral for DC) party affiliation. We adjusted for several state-level variables, including population density, age, race, poverty, and health. Results From March to early June 2020, Republican-led states had, on average, lower COVID-19 incidence rates compared to Democratic-led states. However, on June 8, the association reversed, and Republican-led states had higher per capita COVID-19 incidence rates (RR=1.15, 95% PI: 1.02, 1.25). This trend persisted until September 30 (RR=1.26, 95% PI: 0.96, 1.51). For death rates, Republican-led states had lower average rates early in the pandemic, but higher rates from July 13 (RR=1.22, 95% PI: 1.03,1.37) to September 30 (RR=1.74, 95% PI: 1.20, 2.24). Conclusion Gubernatorial party affiliation may drive policy decisions that impact COVID-19 infections and deaths across the US. As attitudes toward the pandemic become increasingly polarized, policy decisions should be guided by public health considerations rather than political ideology.

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Balancing safety on the road with risk from COVID-19: A content analysis of policy adaptations by Divisions of Motor Vehicles

Feiss

Hautmann

Asa

et al. 2021

Accident Analysis & Prevention

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Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered people’s daily lives, including driving. However, how state Divisions of Motor Vehicles (DMV) adapted their operation policies in response to COVID-19 remains unknown. This study analyzed adaptations to the content of state DMV operation policies during the COVID-19 pandemic across 50 US states and assessed the relationships between these policy adoptions and their state-level COVID-19 restriction orders. Methods We merged data on policy adaptations due to COVID-19 obtained from DMV websites for all 50 states with data on state-level restrictions obtained from the National Academy for State Health Policy (NASHP). We created a codebook and analyzed the DMV policy adaptations in the following three areas: (1) road testing, (2) licensure extension and renewals, and (3) facility reopening. Two trained coders independently reviewed and coded the adaptations of policy content related to precaution to spread of COVID-19 and ease of obtaining licensure. We calculated summary scores for policy adaptations and ease of licensure and compared these scores across three categories of state-level COVID-19 restrictions using ANOVA. Results DMVs in all 50 states adapted their policies to slow the spread of COVID-19. The ease of licensure summary scores increased in some states but decreased in others. Extensions for licensure renewals was the most common change. Adoption of COVID-19 precautions during the road test was the most common road test adaptation, while road test waivers were the most controversial. Requiring appointments, social distancing, and/or face coverings/personal protective equipment [PPE] were common adaptations during facility reopening. However, variations in level of policy adaptations and ease of licensure were not associated with the state’s COVID-19 restrictions. Conclusions Our findings provide insight into policy adaptations made by state DMVs to reduce the spread of COVID-19 and may inform future policy adaptations in DMVs and other government agencies during public health emergencies.

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Drivers of COVID-19 Stay at Home Orders: Epidemiologic, Economic, or Political Concerns?

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Associations Between Governor Political Affiliation and COVID-19 Cases, Deaths, and Testing in the U.S.

Associations Between Governor Political Affiliation and COVID-19 Cases, Deaths, and Testing in the U.S.

Associations between governor political affiliation and COVID-19 cases, deaths, and testing in the United States

Balancing safety on the road with risk from COVID-19: A content analysis of policy adaptations by Divisions of Motor Vehicles

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