Driving and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Fuermaier, Anselm B. M.; Tucha, Lara; Evans, Ben Lewis; Koerts, Janneke; Waard, Dick de; Brookhuis, Karel; Aschenbrenner, Steffen; Thome, Johannes; Lange, Klaus W.; Tucha, Oliver

doi:10.1007/s00702-015-1465-6

Cited by 74 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(258 reference statements)

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“…However, core symptoms of ADHD (eg, inattention and impulsivity) may interfere with the competencies necessary to drive safely, predisposing those with the disorder to greater risk of crashes and injuries. 6,24 Therefore, the use of medications that alleviate ADHD symptoms could be expected to reduce unsafe driving behaviors and consequently lower risks of crashes.…”

Section: Research Original Investigation Medication Use For Adhd and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Medication Use for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Risk of Motor Vehicle Crashes

et al. 2017

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IMPORTANCEMotor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are a major public health problem. Research has demonstrated that individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more likely to experience MVCs, but the effect of ADHD medication treatment on the risk of MVCs remains unclear.OBJECTIVE To explore associations between ADHD medication use and risk of MVCs in a large cohort of patients with ADHD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS For this study, a US national cohort of patients with ADHD (n = 2 319 450) was identified from commercial health insurance claims between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2014, and followed up for emergency department visits for MVCs. The study used within-individual analyses to compare the risk of MVCs during months in which patients received ADHD medication with the risk of MVCs during months in which they did not receive ADHD medication.EXPOSURES Dispensed prescription of ADHD medications. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Emergency department visits for MVCs.RESULTS Among 2 319 450 patients identified with ADHD, the mean (SD) age was 32.5 (12.8) years, and 51.7% were female. In the within-individual analyses, male patients with ADHD had a 38% (odds ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.56-0.67) lower risk of MVCs in months when receiving ADHD medication compared with months when not receiving medication, and female patients had a 42% (odds ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.53-0.62) lower risk of MVCs in months when receiving ADHD medication. Similar reductions were found across all age groups, across multiple sensitivity analyses, and when considering the long-term association between ADHD medication use and MVCs. Estimates of the population-attributable fraction suggested that up to 22.1% of the MVCs in patients with ADHD could have been avoided if they had received medication during the entire follow-up.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients with ADHD, rates of MVCs were lower during periods when they received ADHD medication. Considering the high prevalence of ADHD and its association with MVCs, these findings warrant attention to this prevalent and preventable cause of mortality and morbidity.

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Section: Research Original Investigation Medication Use For Adhd and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Medication Use for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Risk of Motor Vehicle Crashes

et al. 2017

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“…However, they have found three factors that increase the odds for past-year traffic violations among individuals with ADHD: aged 20-29 years, male sex, and white ethnicity. Therefore, in this study, although the DR subscale score was a significantly sensitive subscale for discriminating between the ADHD and healthy control groups, it may not be the answer to whether all individuals with ADHD present with higher level of unsafe driving behaviors [20]. The DR score must also consider differences depending on regions and cultures, such as big and small cities as well as urban and rural areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In future studies, authors should assess the possible use of IMP score as an indicator of the current severity of ADHD based on the DSM-5 [9]. Adults with ADHD present with impairments in cognitive, emotional, and social functioning, and difficulty in driving is one of these impairments [20]. However, not all individuals with ADHD are affected similarly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Utility and Cut-Off Scores of the Korean Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale

Hong

Lee

Kim

et al. 2019

J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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This study was conducted to re-validate the clinical efficacy of the Korean Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Rating Scale (K-AARS), which is a self-report scale for ADHD in adults, and to determine the clinical utility and cutoff scores of K-AARS. Methods: The participants were 135 drug naïve adults with ADHD and 144 healthy controls. To diagnose ADHD based on the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, two board-certified pediatric psychiatrists interviewed the participants and completed the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. K-AARS was applied to all participants. K-AARS comprises six clinical subscales, one impairment subscale, and one driving behavior subscale. The receiver operating characteristic analysis was conducted to calculate the cutoff scores of K-AARS. Results: All subscale scores, including six clinical subscale, impairment subscale, and driving behavior subscale scores, were found to be significant in distinguishing adults with ADHD from healthy controls. The sensitivity and specificity of the six clinical subscales were 63.0-77.0% and 66.7-79.9%, respectively. The combined total score of the six clinical subscales, had a sensitivity of 80.0% and specificity of 79.9%. Conclusion: The discriminative power of K-AARS for the diagnosis of ADHD in adults was excellent, and K-AARS and the empirical diagnosis of adults can be useful in diagnosing ADHD in adulthood.

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“…ADHD is associated with a higher risk of accidents and unintentional injuries [11], which is thought to be the result of a combination of risk taking, impulsive decision making, and inattention [31]. Also, recent epidemiological studies show that ADHD is associated with an increased mortality rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ADHD Is Associated with a Higher Risk for Traumatic Events, Self-Reported PTSD, and a Higher Severity of PTSD Symptoms in Alcohol-Dependent Patients

Luderer

Reinhard

Richter³

et al. 2020

Eur Addict Res

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Introduction: Alcohol dependence (AD) is frequently associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objective: Aim of this study was to investigate whether in patients with AD, ADHD is associated with an increased rate of exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and PTSD, with increased PTSD severity and higher impact on daily functioning. Methods: Patients with AD were thoroughly assessed for ADHD during long-term residential treatment. Participants also completed the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS). The PDS is a 49-item self-report instrument that assesses exposure to different PTEs, DSM-IV criteria for PTSD, severity of PTSD, and related functional impairment. Results: Of 341 patients with AD, 66 were diagnosed with ADHD (19%). ADHD was associated with a more frequent exposure to PTEs (88 vs. 65%, p < 0.001). In patients with PTEs (n = 237), odds for PTSD were higher in ADHD versus no-ADHD patients (OR 8.9, 95% CI 3.9-20.5). Furthermore, PTSD severity and functional impairment were increased in ADHD patients. Conclusions: ADHD in patients with AD is associated with a higher frequency of PTEs and PTSD with more severe and more impairing PTSD symptoms. In alcohol-dependent patients with ADHD, regular screening for PTSD should be considered.

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Driving and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Cited by 74 publications

References 139 publications

Association Between Medication Use for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Risk of Motor Vehicle Crashes

Association Between Medication Use for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Risk of Motor Vehicle Crashes

Clinical Utility and Cut-Off Scores of the Korean Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale

ADHD Is Associated with a Higher Risk for Traumatic Events, Self-Reported PTSD, and a Higher Severity of PTSD Symptoms in Alcohol-Dependent Patients

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