Driving in fog: The effects of driving experience and visibility on speed compensation and hazard avoidance

Mueller, Alexandra S.; Trick, Lana M.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.03.003

Cited by 128 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…As anticipated, the expert participants travelled at a higher speed than the novice participants. This result has also been found in studies of road driving (Mueller & Trick, 2012). In addition, we found that both groups of participants reduced their speed as sea severity increased, and the novice and expert participants did so to a similar degree (c.f.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…fog versus clear weather) have demonstrated that experienced drivers adapt their speed to the conditions. In conditions of fog, experienced drivers slow their speed considerably (Mueller & Trick, 2012). We therefore predicted that in the present study, the expert maritime drivers will have a higher speed than the novice drivers and that the expert drivers will also adapt their speed to slow down as the severity of the sea states increases.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 93%

“…This prediction was based upon studies of road driving that have demonstrated that novice drivers drive at a lower speed than experienced drivers (Mueller & Trick, 2012). Furthermore, examinations of how novice and expert drivers adapt their speed to different road conditions (e.g.…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Expertise on Maritime Driving Behaviour

Godwin

Hyde

Taunton

et al. 2013

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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We compared expert and novice behaviour in a group of participants as they engaged in a simulated maritime driving task. We varied the difficulty of the driving task by controllling the severity of the sea state in which they were driving their craft. Increases in sea severity increased the size of the upcoming waves while also increasing the length of the waves. Expert participants drove their craft at a higher speed than novices and decreased their fixation durations as wave severity increased. Furthermore, the expert participants increased the horizontal spread of their fixation positions as wave severity increased to a greater degree than novices. Conversely, novice participants showed evidence of a greater vertical spread of fixations than experts. By connecting our findings with previous research investigating eye movement behaviour and road driving, we suggest that novice or inexperienced drivers show inflexibility in adaptation to changing driving conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 93%

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The Influence of Expertise on Maritime Driving Behaviour

Godwin

Hyde

Taunton

et al. 2013

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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“…In research by Mueller and Trick (2012), only novice drivers crashed in the fog. In our HRT study, both novice and experienced drivers crashed in the fog and both the real and the potential conflict events in the fog produced significantly riskier C-TTC scores for novices.…”

Section: Discussion / Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the Validation of a Driving Simulator-Based Hazard Response Test for Novice Drivers

Hirsch¹,

Bellavance

Tahari

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the 8th International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design: Dri

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Summary: Underdeveloped hazard perception skills are associated with the higher crash risk of young novice drivers. Some driver licensing authorities use hazard perception tests (HPTs) that measure reaction times or multiple-choice responses to brief driving scenes videotaped from a vehicle traveling at legal speeds. To date, evaluations of the association between HPT scores and novice driver crash rates have been mixed. Several possible explanations for this are: high-risk novice drivers may offset good HP skills by exceeding the speed limit; current HPTs do not capture behavioral responses to hazards from candidates whose attention is engaged in the driving task; there is no established typology of driving hazards that might produce a finer-grained analysis of test results, and; current measures of HP ability may lack sensitivity. To address these potential flaws, we developed a driving simulatorbased Hazard Response Test (HRT) in which drivers respond to sixteen programmed hazard events derived from a proposed typology that combines visible or hidden, real or potential conflicts, while driving over three continuous routes. The study results indicate no statistically significant difference in crash rates between young novice and experienced drivers. However, a novel, composite measure called the Continuous Time to Collision (C-TTC) did discriminate between young novice and older experienced drivers. Additional research on the validation of this measure and further refinement of the hazard typology could contribute to the creation of a standardized, driving simulator-based HRT for use in the evaluation of novice, professional and aging drivers.

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“…Additionally, lane-keeping ability was reduced when fog resulted in visibility distances \ 30 m (Brooks et al 2011). Mueller and Trick (2012) also used a driver-simulation method to investigate average speeds in fog (with 600 m visual range) and found that all drivers reduced their speed in fog compared to clear conditions, with an average speed reduction of 6.4 km h -1 . Mitigation measures available for managing reduced visibility due to airborne volcanic ash include reducing vehicle speeds (including the implementation of lower-than-usual speed limits); restricting the number and/or type of vehicles on the network; increasing the space between moving vehicles; dampening surfaces with water to minimise the resuspension of ash, and closing roads in especially contaminated areas (Table 1).…”

Section: Effects Of Visibility Degradation On Surface Transportation mentioning

confidence: 99%

Visibility in airborne volcanic ash: considerations for surface transportation using a laboratory-based method

2018

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All modes of surface transportation can be disrupted by visibility degradation caused by airborne volcanic ash. Despite much qualitative evidence of low visibility on roads following historical eruptions worldwide, there have been few detailed studies that have attempted to quantify relationships between visibility conditions and observed impacts on network functionality and safety. In the absence of detailed field observations, such gaps in knowledge can be filled by developing empirical datasets through laboratory investigations. Here, we use historical eruption data to estimate a plausible range of ashsettling rates and ash particle characteristics for Auckland city, New Zealand. We propose and implement a new experimental set-up in controlled laboratory conditions, which incorporates a dual-pass transmissometer and solid aerosol generator, to reproduce these ash-settling rates and calculate visual ranges through the associated airborne volcanic ash. Our findings demonstrate that visibility is most impaired for high ash-settling rates (i.e. [ 500 g m -2 h -1 ) and particle size is deemed the most influential ash characteristic for visual range. For the samples tested (all \ 320 lm particle diameter), visibility was restricted to * 1-2 m when ash settling was replicated for very high rates (i.e. * 4000 g m -2 h -1 ) and was especially low when ash particles were fine-grained, more irregular in shape and lighter in colour. Finally, we consider potential implications for disruption to surface transportation in Auckland through comparisons with existing research which investigates the consequences of visual range reduction for other atmospheric hazards such as fog. This includes discussing how our approach might be utilised in emergency and transport management planning. Finally, we summarise strategies available -018-3205-3 for the mitigation of visibility degradation in environments contaminated with volcanic ash.

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Driving in fog: The effects of driving experience and visibility on speed compensation and hazard avoidance

Cited by 128 publications

References 26 publications

The Influence of Expertise on Maritime Driving Behaviour

The Influence of Expertise on Maritime Driving Behaviour

Towards the Validation of a Driving Simulator-Based Hazard Response Test for Novice Drivers

Visibility in airborne volcanic ash: considerations for surface transportation using a laboratory-based method

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