DRL performance following anteromedial cortical ablations in rats

Rosenkilde, Carl E.; Divac, Ivan

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(75)90214-0

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…(1974), Numan et ai. (1975) and Rosenkilde and Divac (1975) detected mild impairments in frontal rats on this task, while Kolb et al (1974) and Neill (1976) could not uncover such a deficit. Again, procedural and/or anatomical differences could account for these results.…”

Section: Rodentsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Cortical-limbic mechanisms and response control: A theoretical review

Numan

1978

Psychobiology

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The literature dealing with the behavioral effects produced by lesions of the septum, frontal cortical areas, and the hippocampus is reviewed. It is concluded that the dorsomedial septum, the dorsolateral frontal cortex (and homologous structures), and the dorsal hippocampus form a nodal point within a larger neuronal system that is involved in response regulation. A model describing the response regulatory processes mediated by this frontal cortical-limbic system is proposed. Motor programs are written in frontal cortex and temporarily stored in hippocampus. Feedback stimuli derived from response initiation and maintenance are compared against the stored hippocampal motor program. If the feedback information matches with the expected outcomes dictated by the motor program, the response sequence is terminated. If comparator deviations arise, the frontal cortical areas are signaled of error and a new motor program is written. Hippocampal theta activity is postulated to be a correlate of comparator activation and feedback analysis.

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Section: Rodentsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Cortical-limbic mechanisms and response control: A theoretical review

Numan

1978

Psychobiology

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“…The frontal cortex is not the only area of the brain where damage results in impulsive behaviour. Although experiments on the effect of medial frontal cortical damage in rats on responding under DRL schedules have not given consistent answers (unimpaired performance: Kolb et al, 1974;Nonneman et al, 1974;Finger et al, 1987;deficits in acquisition and performance: Numan et a!., 1975;Rosenkilde and Divac, 1975), overall, it appears that rats with medial frontal cortical lesions can perform DRL schedules normally. On the other hand, there seems to be a consensus that destruction of the hippocampus, either by ablation (Clark and Isaacson, 1965) or by the use of neurotoxins (Sinden et al, 1986) does lead to impaired DRL acquisition and performance and this appears to be dependent upon the severity of the schedule requirements.…”

Section: Serotoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impulsivity: a discussion of clinical and experimental findings

1999

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Impulsivity can often be an important clinical problem in psychiatry and neurology. In psychiatry, the manifestation of impulsive behaviour in syndromes such as personality disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and in substance abuse may be different, and this has led to conflicting definitions. There has also been a tendency to concentrate on the nature of the behavioural manifestation (problems with the law, aggression, drug use, behavioural problems in school) rather than shared psychological processes, and to ignore the fact that impulsivity can also have positive aspects. In a normal population, the personality trait of impulsivity has been analysed using personality inventory questionnaires. Analysis of these data lead to the suggestion that impulsivity as commonly defined and understood may be made up of several independent factors, which may have separate biological bases. These self-rating questionnaires have been complemented by objective tests that are now often computerized, and which have been used in man (e.g. with criminal offenders, children, or patients who have undergone brain surgery). Some of these tests, such as the differential reinforcement of low rates procedure or the delay of reinforcement procedure, have also been used to study impulsivity in animals. Analysis of the behavioural principles of these tests suggests that they too may reflect different aspects of impulsivity. Many different biological systems have been proposed to contribute to the neurobiological basis of impulsivity. The serotonergic neurotransmitter system has recently received the most attention, with evidence of its involvement coming from animal studies as well as from studies in psychiatric patients. The frontal lobes have been proposed to play an important role in regulating impulsivity, although it unclear how specific this is. None of this biological knowledge has yet led to reliable pharmacotherapy for excessive impulsivity and, as yet, there is little understanding of the mechanisms by which those drugs, which have been found empirically to have some efficacy (e.g. the psychomotor stimulants in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), exert their therapeutic effect. By bringing together knowledge from different areas of research it is hoped that a cross fertilization will be achieved, which will lead to a sharpening of concepts, an improvement in methodology and the stimulation of biological studies.

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“…However, it should be noted that the effects of frontal lesions on DRL performance of adult rats have been quite variable in previous studies. Medial frontal lesions in adult rats have resulted in substantial (Numan, Seifert, & Lubar, 1975), mild (Nonneman et al, 1974;Rosenkilde & Divac, 1975), and no deficit (Kolb et al, 1974) in various studies. The effects of frontal lesions on DRL performance of cats and monkeys are also quite variable (for a review, see Markowitsch & Pritzel, 1977).…”

Section: Drl and Extinctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of prefrontal cortex ablation in neonatal, juvenile, and young adult rats.

Nonneman

Corwin²

1981

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

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Rats sustaining lesions restricted to the medial (MF) or the orbital (OF) prefrontal cortex at various ages (10, 25,40, or 60 days postnatally) were tested as adults on a series of behavioral tasks that are known to be sensitive to such lesions in adults. On spatial alternation learning, both the 40-and 60-day MF operates were seriously impaired, whereas neither the 10-nor the 25-day MF operates differed from controls. On a hoarding task, 25-and 60-day MF operates hoarded less food than either controls or 10-day MF operates Lesions of OF cortex in males at 40 or 60 days of age produced a significant increase in running-wheel activity, OF lesions in both sexes at 25 days of age or later produced a decrease in the rate of continuous reinforcement reacquisition (following experience with differential reinforcement of low rates of responding and bar-press extinction) relative to controls, whereas 10-day OF operates did not differ from controls on either task. Thus, rats with lesions of either frontal area at 10 days of age showed complete behavioral sparing on all measures. The effects of lesions at later ages varied with the behavioral task employed and with lesion locus. Although the 10-day operates received a somewhat longer postoperative recovery interval than most of the later operates, these results cannot be explained on the basis of recovery time alone. A control group of 60-day operates with the same recovery interval as the 10-day operates did not differ on any measure from the 60-day operates with shorter recoverv intervals.

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DRL performance following anteromedial cortical ablations in rats

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Cortical-limbic mechanisms and response control: A theoretical review

Cortical-limbic mechanisms and response control: A theoretical review

Impulsivity: a discussion of clinical and experimental findings

Differential effects of prefrontal cortex ablation in neonatal, juvenile, and young adult rats.

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