Droplet based micro oscillating flow-through PCR chip

Abstract

An innovative micro polymerase chain reaction (PCR) chip, micro oscillating flow-through PCR chip, was designed and fabricated by using silicon microfabrication technique with double-sided lithography. Three different temperature zones, which are stable at 93'C, 72'C and 5 0 C and isolated from each other by deep groove, are integrated with a straight microchannel in the chip to form the basic functional structure. It is indicated numerically that the time needed for the temperature varying to the target value is less than 1 second, and the temperature difference in the reaction zone is less than 0.2'C at the same time. A quasi multi-systems lumped heat capacity method has been advanced to analyze the chip's transient thermal performance, which was validated by numerical simulation. A microliter-sized droplet of reagent with HPV-DNA inside was injected into the chip and forced to flow through the three temperature zones in an oscillating manner to realize DNA amplification. The amplification results of the chip are analyzed by slab gel electrophoresis with separation of DNA markers in parallel.

A Review of Heating and Temperature Control in Microfluidic Systems: Techniques and Applications

“…Indeed, the regulation of temperature is a critical parameter in managing many physical, chemical and biological applications. Prominent examples of applications requiring tight temperature control are Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], Temperature Gradient Focusing for Electrophoresis (TGF) [ 16 , 17 ], digital microfluidics [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ], mixing [ 32 , 33 , 34 ], and protein crystallization [ 35 ]. The scope of this article is to provide a comprehensive applications-based overview of heating techniques reported in the literature during the last decade.…”