Drought and Heat Stress Impacts on Phenolic Acids Accumulation in Durum Wheat Cultivars

Abstract

Droughts and high temperatures are the main abiotic constraints hampering durum wheat production. This study investigated the accumulation of phenolic acids (PAs) in the wholemeal flour of six durum wheat cultivars under drought and heat stress. Phenolic acids were extracted from wholemeals and analysed through HPLC-DAD analysis. Ferulic acid was the most represented PA, varying from 390.1 to 785.6 µg/g dry matter across all cultivars and growth conditions, followed by sinapic acids, p-coumaric, vanillic, syringic, and p-hydroxybenzoic acids. Among the cultivars, Cirno had the highest PAs content, especially under severe drought conditions. Heat stress enhanced the accumulation of minor individual PAs, whereas severe drought increased ferulic acid and total PAs. Broad-sense heritability was low (0.23) for p-coumaric acid but ≥0.69 for all other components. Positive correlations occurred between PA content and grain morphology and between test weight and grain yield. Durum wheat genotypes with good yields and high accumulation of PAs across different growing conditions could be significant for durum wheat resilience and health-promoting value.

Qualitative Characterization of Unrefined Durum Wheat Air-Classified Fractions

“…As dietary antioxidants, they act as free-radical scavengers [2,3], and reduce the inflammatory response in endothelial cells and monocytes [4]. Besides their antioxidant and antiradical activity, phenolic acids participate in plant cell walls as structural components and are involved in plant adaptation to abiotic and biotic stresses [5,6]. Among other wheat constituents that recently have become a major target of research in wheat there are the Amylase/Trypsin Inhibitors (ATIs) [7].…”

Comparative Metabolic Study of Two Contrasting Chinese Cabbage Genotypes under Mild and Severe Drought Stress

“…Phenolic acids, a major class of polyphenols, are constitutively present in vegetables with strong antioxidant activity [ 36 , 37 ]. Drought stress enhanced the accumulation of phenolic acids [ 29 , 38 ]. In this study, we identified a total of 147 phenolic acids, and nine phenolic acids were considered to be involved in the response to drought stress of Chinese cabbage, including 4−methylphenol, 2−hydroxy−3−phenylpropanoic acid, 3−(4−hydroxyphenyl)−propionic acid, p−coumaric acid methyl ester, methyl sinapate, sinapoyl−4−O−glucoside, curculigine, sinapoylsinapoyltartaric acid, and 1−O−caffeoyl−(6−O−glucosyl)−β−D−glucose.…”

Impact of harvesting timing and drying methods on yield attributes of wheat variety tj-83

“…[12] reported that the accumulation of dry matter decreased due to the reduction in the number of kernels, the green leaf surface during the grain-filling stage decrease when wheat is exposed to high temperatures the number of leaves, the kernel weight and the acceleration of leaf senescence. [13,14]. High temperatures during kernel filling decreased wheat yield by reducing kernel weigh Maximum loss of grain by mechanical damage or incomplete threshing has been reported when grain moisture content had fallen to 15-23 percent Delayed harvest time could increase the grain yield by 59.8 kg ha −1 day −1 and also reported that kernel growth rate increased by 0.3 mg kernel −1 day −1 o C −1 over a temperature range of 25-32 o C [15, 16] Potential nuclear growth did not respond linearly to temperature in the 12-19 o C temperature range [17].…”