Drought effects on carbon dynamics of trees in a secondary Atlantic Forest

Rocha, Samuel José Silva Soares da; Torres, Carlos Moreira Miquelino Eleto; Villanova, Paulo Henrique; Schettini, Bruno Leão Said; Jacovine, Laércio Antônio Gonçalves; Leite, Hélio Garcia; Gelcer, Eduardo; Reis, Leonardo Pequeno; Neves, Karina Milagres; Comini, Indira Bifano; Silva, Liniker Fernandes da

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118097

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The results of our future projections for the NMDI indicate that the central region may have an increase in the occurrence of fires given that this region is expected to become drier. The NMDI's ability to detect fires has already been proven in other studies for southern Georgia, USA, and southern Greece (Wang et al, 2008), Alberta, Canada (Akther and Hassan, 2011), and for Atlantic Forest in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Santos et al, 2021) In addition to the increase in drought in the CAFC making areas more prone to forest fires, it can also affect the structure and dynamics of forests, reducing the growth and survival of trees and increasing the mortality rate (Rocha et al, 2020). Climate change and increased drought can also intensify socioeconomic inequalities between countries and regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Future spatial modeling of vegetation in the Central Atlantic Forest Corridor, Brazil

Santana

Delgado

Schiavetti

2022

Front. Conserv. Sci.

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Tropical forests stand out among forest domains, due to their wide diversity of flora and fauna. However, these areas concentrate a large number of the forest fires that occur annually on the planet. In this context, the present study performs spatial modeling of the normalized multi-band drought index (NMDI) in the Central Atlantic Forest Corridor during past (2001-2020) and future (2021-2040) periods to identify the relationship between drought and forest fires. Fire foci data, soil moisture, and data from the MOD09A1 product were used to obtain the NMDI. Rainfall and mean air temperature data from the past and for different future scenarios (SSP126 and SSP585) were also used. The autoregressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA) was used for modeling the NMDI. The results found indicate a recurrence of fire in the CAFC during the period of 2001–2020. Future data indicate reductions in rainfall and an increase in temperature in the CAFC area. The NMDI data indicate that the central region of the corridor is the driest and, among the priority areas for conservation, the Ilha do Lameirão Municipal ecological station has the lowest index values. Future modeling indicates the drought intensifying in the coming years in the corridor area. The CAFC is an extremely important area for the maintenance of Atlantic Forest remnants; however, this area continues to suffer disturbances and without the adoption of public policies, these disturbances could compromise the conservation of natural resources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Future spatial modeling of vegetation in the Central Atlantic Forest Corridor, Brazil

Santana

Delgado

Schiavetti

2022

Front. Conserv. Sci.

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“…Some areas of tropical forest are secondary forest patches recovering from land use, timber extraction or natural disturbances (Rüger et al 2020). Pioneer species occurring in those secondary forests present high mortality during drought periods (Rocha et al 2020), but high recovery rates after a drought event (Poorter et al 2016, Gazol et al 2017. Those findings highlight that each forest type of tropical forest can show different patterns of growth and mortality and this regulates how much carbon each forest type will store under the future climate.…”

Section: Drought Resilience In Different Types Of Forestsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Most studies showed that larger trees are more sensitive to drought effects due to their higher demands for water comparing to smaller trees, which are expected to be more resistant (Phillips et al 2010, Moser et al 2014. Nevertheless, small trees can face more water limitation due to their shallower roots (Gibbons and Newbery 2002) and thus they also show higher mortality rates (Rocha et al 2020) and a more accentuated growth-mortality trade-off pattern than larger trees (Zhu et al 2017). Trees with a single stem may be more vulnerable to drought effects than shrubs with multiple stems, which can leave one or more viable as an insurance to survive (Tanentzap et al 2012).…”

Section: The Importance Of Tree Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Regional and local determinants of drought resilience in tropical forests

Hollunder

Garbin

Scarano

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The increase in severity of droughts associated with greater mortality and reduced vegetation growth is one of the main threats to tropical forests. Drought resilience of tropical forests is affected by multiple biotic and abiotic factors varying at different scales. Identifying those factors can help understanding the resilience to ongoing and future climate change. Altitude leads to high climate variation and to different forest formations, principally moist or dry tropical forests with contrasted vegetation structure. Each tropical forest can show distinct responses to droughts. Locally, topography is also a key factor controlling biotic and abiotic factors related to drought resilience in each forest type. Both dry tropical forests and ridges (steeper and drier habitats) are more sensitive to droughts than moist tropical forest and valleys (flatter and wetter habitats). The most important biotic factors are leaf economic and hydraulic plant traits, and vegetation structure. The most important abiotic factors are soil nutrients, water availability and microclimate. Here we show that topography has key roles controlling biotic and abiotic factors in each forest type. Our synthesis highlights that gradients of altitude and topography are essential to understand tropical forest’s resilience to future drought events. We described important factors related to drought resilience, however many important knowledge gaps remain. Filling those gaps will help improve future practices and studies about mitigation capacity, conservation, and restoration of tropical ecosystems.

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“…Some areas of tropical forest are secondary forest patches recovering from land use, timber extraction, or natural disturbances (Rüger et al, 2020 ). Pioneer species occurring in those secondary forests present high mortality during drought periods (Rocha et al, 2020 ), but high recovery rates after a drought event (Gazol et al, 2017 ; Poorter et al, 2016 ). Those evidences may suggest that the type of forest is an important factor controlling drought resilience because dry and wet forests distinguish in vegetation structure and soil nutrients (Dexter et al, 2018 ; Raulino et al, 2020 ; Figure 2 ), both important components affecting tree growth and mortality (Gessler et al, 2017 ; Hollunder et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Drought Resilience In Different Types Of Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional and local determinants of drought resilience in tropical forests

Hollunder

Garbin

Scarano

et al. 2022

Ecology and Evolution

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The increase in severity of droughts associated with greater mortality and reduced vegetation growth is one of the main threats to tropical forests. Drought resilience of tropical forests is affected by multiple biotic and abiotic factors varying at different scales. Identifying those factors can help understanding the resilience to ongoing and future climate change. Altitude leads to high climate variation and to different forest formations, principally moist or dry tropical forests with contrasted vegetation structure. Each tropical forest can show distinct responses to droughts. Locally, topography is also a key factor controlling biotic and abiotic factors related to drought resilience in each forest type. Here, we show that topography has key roles controlling biotic and abiotic factors in each forest type. The most important abiotic factors are soil nutrients, water availability, and microclimate. The most important biotic factors are leaf economic and hydraulic plant traits, and vegetation structure. Both dry tropical forests and ridges (steeper and drier habitats) are more sensitive to droughts than moist tropical forest and valleys (flatter and wetter habitats). The higher mortality in ridges suggests that conservative traits are not sufficient to protect plants from drought in drier steeper habitats. Our synthesis highlights that altitude and topography gradients are essential to understand mechanisms of tropical forest's resilience to future drought events. We described important factors related to drought resilience, however, many important knowledge gaps remain. Filling those gaps will help improve future practices and studies about mitigation capacity, conservation, and restoration of tropical ecosystems.

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Drought effects on carbon dynamics of trees in a secondary Atlantic Forest

Cited by 19 publications

References 59 publications

Future spatial modeling of vegetation in the Central Atlantic Forest Corridor, Brazil

Future spatial modeling of vegetation in the Central Atlantic Forest Corridor, Brazil

Regional and local determinants of drought resilience in tropical forests

Regional and local determinants of drought resilience in tropical forests

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