Drought Resistance Mechanism and Adaptation to Water Stress in Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]

Verma, Rajani; Kumar, Ramesh; Nath, Anamika

doi:10.23910/ijbsm/2018.9.1.3c0472

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…This adaptation mechanism was also revealed in pearl millet [55,56] an cowpea [57]. Under water deficit conditions, the diffusion of CO 2 to the carboxylation sites is limited due to stomatal closure and increased mesophyll resistance [58]. This inhibits the transport of electrons thus leading to an imbalance between the electron transport rate and CO 2 fixation rate [31,32].…”

Section: The Adaptive Behavior Of Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…For some late maturity varieties of the Guinea and bicolor races (V1, V4), early cycle drought weakly affect performance. These varieties were able to recover thanks to their plasticity allowing them to catch up and stabilize their production despite the occurrence of water deficit at early stage [58]. According to Araus et al [66], this phenomenon is due to stomatal control, which is more effective at the early stages.…”

Section: The Adaptive Behavior Of Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation Responses to Early Drought Stress of West Africa Sorghum Varieties

et al. 2021

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Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal crop world-wide and feeds millions of people in the Sahel. However, it often faces early-stage water deficit due to false onsets of rainy seasons resulting in production decrease. Therefore, developing early drought tolerant material becomes a necessity but requires a good knowledge of adaptation mechanisms, which remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed at assessing the effects of early drought stress on ten elite sorghum varieties tested over two years (2018–2019) at the National Agronomic Research Centre (CNRA) of Bambey (Senegal, West Africa). Two different water regimes (well-watered and drought stress) were applied during the dry season. Water stress was applied by withholding irrigation 25 days after sowing for one month, followed by optimal irrigation until maturity. Soil moisture measurements were performed and allowed to follow the level of stress (down to a fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) of 0.30 at the end of stress). An agro-physio-morphological monitoring was carried out during the experiment. Results showed highly significant effects of early drought stress in sorghum plants growth by decreasing leaf appearance, biomass, height but also yield set up. The combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) between varieties in the different environments for most characters. Under water deficit, the variability was less strong on leaf appearance and plant height at the end of stress. The adaptation responses were related to the capacity of varieties to grow up fast and complete their cycle rather, increase the dead leaves weight, reduce photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration and increase the roots length density. However, varieties V1, V2, V8 and V9 showed promising behavior under stress and could be suitable for further application in West Africa for sorghum breeding and farming.

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Section: The Adaptive Behavior Of Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: The Adaptive Behavior Of Varietiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation Responses to Early Drought Stress of West Africa Sorghum Varieties

et al. 2021

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“…Examining the germplasm for drought adaptive traits is the preliminary and most important step towards identifying drought tolerant genotypes. Sorghum tolerant genotypes [ 121 , 122 , 123 ] to drought stress at various growth stages are presented in Table 2 . These will be useful for further genomics and physiological studies.…”

Section: Breeding For Drought and High Temperature Stress Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Drought and High Temperature Stress in Sorghum: Physiological, Genetic, and Molecular Insights and Breeding Approaches

Prasad

Govindaraj

Djanaguiraman

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Sorghum is one of the staple crops for millions of people in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and South Asia (SA). The future climate in these sorghum production regions is likely to have unexpected short or long episodes of drought and/or high temperature (HT), which can cause significant yield losses. Therefore, to achieve food and nutritional security, drought and HT stress tolerance ability in sorghum must be genetically improved. Drought tolerance mechanism, stay green, and grain yield under stress has been widely studied. However, novel traits associated with drought (restricted transpiration and root architecture) need to be explored and utilized in breeding. In sorghum, knowledge on the traits associated with HT tolerance is limited. Heat shock transcription factors, dehydrins, and genes associated with hormones such as auxin, ethylene, and abscisic acid and compatible solutes are involved in drought stress modulation. In contrast, our understanding of HT tolerance at the omic level is limited and needs attention. Breeding programs have exploited limited traits with narrow genetic and genomic resources to develop drought or heat tolerant lines. Reproductive stages of sorghum are relatively more sensitive to stress compared to vegetative stages. Therefore, breeding should incorporate appropriate pre-flowering and post-flowering tolerance in a broad genetic base population and in heterotic hybrid breeding pipelines. Currently, more than 240 QTLs are reported for drought tolerance-associated traits in sorghum prospecting discovery of trait markers. Identifying traits and better understanding of physiological and genetic mechanisms and quantification of genetic variability for these traits may enhance HT tolerance. Drought and HT tolerance can be improved by better understanding mechanisms associated with tolerance and screening large germplasm collections to identify tolerant lines and incorporation of those traits into elite breeding lines. Systems approaches help in identifying the best donors of tolerance to be incorporated in the SSA and SA sorghum breeding programs. Integrated breeding with use of high-throughput precision phenomics and genomics can deliver a range of drought and HT tolerant genotypes that can improve yield and resilience of sorghum under drought and HT stresses.

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“…The production of sorghum does not meet the increasing demand of most of the of developing countries population in Africa due to the low cereal yield, about 0.28 tons/hectare, compared to some countries such as the United States of America (4.30 tons/hectare) and Argentina (4.90 tons/hectare), according to the World Food Organization report (FAOSTAT, 2013). The decrease in production is due to biotic and abiotic stresses, especially drought reactions in sorghum entries can be of physiological, morphological and phonological kind (Verma et al, 2018). As well as the use of domestic genotypes with low production capacity (limited genetic potential) where farmers mostly rely on local species with low yields, so sorghum production fails to meet the demand for an increase in the population in those countries (Maman et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Parameters of Some Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Genotypes Under Water Deficit Stress

Badran

2020

Egyptian Journal of Desert Research

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orghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) has a mighty adaptation possibility, which are important parameters of genotypes growing in severe conditions. This study focused on the differential responses of six genotypes under two levels of water deficit (20 and 40% decrease in water rate) compared with normal conditions during two seasons. Variance components and tolerance indices under different environments provide new chances for breeders to select genotypes, which have high yielding and are stress tolerant. The results showed the superiority in the performance of Shandawil variety under normal conditions, while Line 3 showed a marked superiority under high drought stress compared to other genotypes. The results of the variance components of most studied traits showed that the major contribution in phenotypic performance is due to the genetic variation. According to heritability in broad sense, the values ranged from 27.82 to 99.12%. With regard to the genetic advances, the results showed a clear discrepancy among the studied traits, as the characteristics of the plant height, fresh weight and grain yield of the plant recorded the highest genetic advance, while chlorophyll content recorded the lowest genetic advance of the plants.

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Drought Resistance Mechanism and Adaptation to Water Stress in Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Adaptation Responses to Early Drought Stress of West Africa Sorghum Varieties

Adaptation Responses to Early Drought Stress of West Africa Sorghum Varieties

Drought and High Temperature Stress in Sorghum: Physiological, Genetic, and Molecular Insights and Breeding Approaches

Genetic Parameters of Some Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Genotypes Under Water Deficit Stress

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