Drought tolerant sorghum and cotton germplasm

Rosenow, D. T.; Quisenberry, J. E.; Wendt, C. W.; Clark, L. J.

doi:10.1016/0378-3774(83)90084-7

Cited by 229 publications

(160 citation statements)

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“…The significant phenotypic values for various stay-green related traits confirmed the inherent potential of the stay-green parent B35 [17, 48, 61]. High heritability (h 2 ) values observed for the component traits of stay-green and grain yield in the present study substantiated high h 2 observed for stay-green trait [10, 82, 83] and for grain yield [64].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Detection and validation of stay-green QTL in post-rainy sorghum involving widely adapted cultivar, M35-1 and a popular stay-green genotype B35

et al. 2014

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BackgroundSorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important dry-land cereal of the world providing food, fodder, feed and fuel. Stay-green (delayed-leaf senescence) is a key attribute in sorghum determining its adaptation to terminal drought stress. The objective of this study was to validate sorghum stay-green quantitative trait loci (QTL) identified in the past, and to identify new QTL in the genetic background of a post-rainy adapted genotype M35-1.ResultsA genetic linkage map based on 245 F9 Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) derived from a cross between M35-1 (more senescent) and B35 (less senescent) with 237 markers consisting of 174 genomic, 60 genic and 3 morphological markers was used. The phenotypic data collected for three consecutive post-rainy crop seasons on the RIL population (M35-1 × B35) was used for QTL analysis. Sixty-one QTL were identified for various measures of stay-green trait and each trait was controlled by one to ten QTL. The phenotypic variation explained by each QTL ranged from 3.8 to 18.7%. Co-localization of QTL for more than five traits was observed on two linkage groups i.e. on SBI-09-3 flanked by S18 and Xgap206 markers and, on SBI-03 flanked by XnhsbSFCILP67 and Xtxp31. QTL identified in this study were stable across environments and corresponded to sorghum stay-green and grain yield QTL reported previously. Of the 60 genic SSRs mapped, 14 were closely linked with QTL for ten traits. A genic marker, XnhsbSFCILP67 (Sb03g028240) encoding Indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase GH3.5, was co-located with QTL for GLB, GLM, PGLM and GLAM on SBI-03. Genes underlying key enzymes of chlorophyll metabolism were also found in the stay-green QTL regions.ConclusionsWe validated important stay-green QTL reported in the past in sorghum and detected new QTL influencing the stay-green related traits consistently. Stg2, Stg3 and StgB were prominent in their expression. Collectively, the QTL/markers identified are likely candidates for subsequent verification for their involvement in stay-green phenotype using NILs and to develop drought tolerant sorghum varieties through marker-assisted breeding for terminal drought tolerance in sorghum.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-909) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Detection and validation of stay-green QTL in post-rainy sorghum involving widely adapted cultivar, M35-1 and a popular stay-green genotype B35

et al. 2014

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“…IS 12662C (SC 171), the source of A2 cytoplasm (the sterile line) for the development of hybrids, which belongs to the Caudatum Nigricans group (Guinea race) was also obtained from Ethiopia (Schertz 1977). Moreover, studies identified two sorghum lines native to Ethiopia (B35 and E36-1) as sources of “stay-green” for drought tolerance, which are currently used in marker assisted breeding programs (Rosenow et al 1983; Reddy et al 2009). Wu et al (2006) identified seven sorghum lines of Ethiopian origin to be resistant to Greenbug biotype I.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of in situ diversity and population structure in Ethiopian cultivated Sorghum bicolor (L.) landraces using phenotypic traits and SSR markers

Adugna

2014

SpringerPlus

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Genetic diversity is a fundamental input for every plant breeding program, genetic resources conservation, and evolutionary studies. In situ diversity and population genetic structure of eight cultivated sorghum landrace populations were investigated in the center of origin, Ethiopia using seven phenotypic traits and 12 highly polymorphic sorghum SSR markers. In farmers’ fields, DNA samples were collected using Whatman® plant saver card and quantitative phenotypic traits were measured from 160 individual plant samples belonging to the eight populations representing three diverse geographical regions. High diversity was observed among the various populations for the measured phenotypic traits. The 12 SSR loci produced a total of 123 alleles of which 78 (63.41%) were rare (frequency ≤0.05) with an average of 10.25 alleles per polymorphic locus. The polymorphism information content (PIC) was in the range 0.39-0.85 showing the good discriminatory power of the SSR loci used. Average observed heterozygosity and gene diversity across all populations and loci ranged 0.04-0.33 and 0.41-0.87, respectively. Neighbor-joining and STRUCTURE analyses grouped the 160 samples from the eight populations differently. AMOVA showed 54.44% of the variation to be within populations, 32.76% among populations within regions, and 12.8% among the regions of origin. There was high divergence in the total populations (FST = 0.40) indicating low level of gene flow (Nm = 0.38), but high gene flow was also observed in some adjacent populations. The populations from Wello displayed close relationship with remote Gibe and Metekel populations indicating that the variation followed human migration patterns. Implications of the results for sorghum improvement and germplasm conservation are discussed.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-212) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Despite the major research emphasis during the last two decades on improving drought resistance in sorghum (Rosenow et al Strategies for crop improvement with respect to drought resistance include the identi®cation and selection of traits that, at least partly, contribute to improved performance of the crop under drought conditions. This trait-based crop improvement strategy allows selective accumulation of the traits that contribute to drought resistance for a speci®c target environment (Blum 1983;Rosenow et al 1983;Ludlow and Muchow 1990). However, the success of this approach is limited by the diculty experienced in identi®cation of genotypes for several traits, due to lack of proper control of the intensity and timing of stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In grain sorghum, the ability to resist premature senescence due to post-¯owering drought stress is termed the``stay-green'' trait (Rosenow et al 1983). Plants with the stay-green trait resist premature plant and leaf death, develop grain normally, and resist charcoal rot and lodging when exposed to moisture stress during the late stages of grain development (Rosenow and Clark 1981;Rosenow et al 1983;Rosenow 1984;Tenkouano et al 1993;Walulu et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping of post-flowering drought resistance traits in grain sorghum: association between QTLs influencing premature senescence and maturity

Crasta

Rosenow³

et al. 1999

Mol Gen Genet

207

138

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The identification of genetic factors underlying the complex responses of plants to drought stress provides a solid basis for improving drought resistance. The staygreen character in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a post-flowering drought resistance trait, which makes plants resistant to premature senescence under drought stress during the grainfilling stage. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control premature senescence and maturity traits, and to investigate their association under post-flowering drought stress in grain sorghum. A genetic linkage map was developed using a set of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) obtained from the cross B35 x Tx430, which were scored for 142 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. The RILs and their parental lines were evaluated for post-flowering drought resistance and maturity in four environments. Simple interval mapping identified seven stay-green QTLs and two maturity QTLs. Three major stay-green QTLs (SGA, SGD and SGG) contributed to 42% of the phenotypic variability (LOD 9.0) and four minor QTLs (SGB, SGI. 1, SGI.2, and SGJ) significantly contributed to an additional 25% of the phenotypic variability in stay-green ratings. One maturity QTL (DFB) alone contributed to 40% of the phenotypic variability (LOD 10.0), while the second QTL (DFG) significantly contributed to an additional 17% of the phenotypic variability (LOD 4.9). Composite interval mapping confirmed the above results with an additional analysis of the QTL x Environment interaction. With heritability estimates of 0.72 for stay-green and 0.90 for maturity, the identified QTLs explained about 90% and 63% of genetic variability for stay-green and maturity traits, respectively. Although stay-green ratings were significantly correlated (r = 0.22, P< or =0.05) with maturity, six of the seven stay-green QTLs were independent of the QTLs influencing maturity. Similarly, one maturity QTL (DFB) was independent of the staygreen QTLs. One stay-green QTL (SGG), however, mapped in the vicinity of a maturity QTL (DFG), and all markers in the vicinity of the independent maturity QTL (DFB) were significantly (P< or =0.1) correlated with stay-green ratings, confounding the phenotyping of stay-green. The molecular genetic analysis of the QTLs influencing stay-green and maturity, together with the association between these two inversely related traits, provides a basis for further study of the underlying physiological mechanisms and demonstrates the possibility of improving drought resistance in plants by pyramiding the favorable QTLs.

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Drought tolerant sorghum and cotton germplasm

Cited by 229 publications

References 10 publications

Detection and validation of stay-green QTL in post-rainy sorghum involving widely adapted cultivar, M35-1 and a popular stay-green genotype B35

Detection and validation of stay-green QTL in post-rainy sorghum involving widely adapted cultivar, M35-1 and a popular stay-green genotype B35

Analysis of in situ diversity and population structure in Ethiopian cultivated Sorghum bicolor (L.) landraces using phenotypic traits and SSR markers

Mapping of post-flowering drought resistance traits in grain sorghum: association between QTLs influencing premature senescence and maturity

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