Drowning prevention: turning the tide on a leading killer

Meddings, David; Scarr, Justin; Larson, Kelly; Vaughan, James E; Krug, Etienne G.

doi:10.1016/s2468-2667(21)00165-1

Cited by 41 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Adolescents and young people drowning is a preventable public health problem associated with a significant social burden [1,2]. Drowning is among the ten leading causes of death for people aged between one and 24 years in every region of the world, with around one half of all drowning deaths occurring in young people under 24 years of age [3]. Risk factors for young people drowning vary by geographic location, for example, in high income country settings, gender, alcohol, supervision, proximity to water and swimming ability are well established risk factors together with social, environmental and structural factors [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking and swimming around waterways: The role of alcohol, sensation-seeking, peer influence and risk in young people

Leavy

Bona²,

Abercromby³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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The role of individual and sociocultural factors contributing to drowning risk for young adults is complex and poorly understood. This study examined the relationship between behaviour in and around waterways and: 1) alcohol consumption; 2) resistance to peer influence; 3) sensation-seeking; 4) perception of risk among people aged 15–24 in Western Australia. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted at three time-points with a convenience sample. Predictor variables included: Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT_C); Resistance to Peer Influence; Brief Sensation Seeking scale; Benthin’s Perception of risk. Pearson chi-squared tests determined the association between demographic and predictor variables. Logistic regression explored influence of potential predictor variables on behaviour in and around water. The final sample (n = 730) participants, consisted of females (n = 537, 74.5%), metropolitan dwelling (n = 616, 84.4%), and attended university (n = 410, 56.9%). Significant associations were found for those who swum after drinking alcohol compared with those that had not by age, gender, education. For every 1-unit increase in AUDIT-C participants were 60% more likely to swim after drinking (OR 95% CI 1.60 1.44–1.78). Participants who considered an adverse event serious were 15% less likely to have swum after drinking alcohol (OR 0.85 95% CI 0.73–0.99). The complex relationship between social participation in activities in and around waterways, higher drowning rates, propensity for risk, and the meaning young adults attach to risk locations and practices present unique challenges for drowning prevention research. Findings should be used to improve the awareness and education components of future youth water safety strategies in high-income settings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking and swimming around waterways: The role of alcohol, sensation-seeking, peer influence and risk in young people

Leavy

Bona²,

Abercromby³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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show abstract

“…The drowning data obtained only included fatal drownings that were reported or when a body was recovered. The information does include unreported incidences or incidences where a body was not recovered [ 28 ]. The reporting limitations are further complicated by the lack of classification of drownings; this is a global challenge, since drownings related to natural disasters (e.g., floods) are not reported [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A South African Epidemiological Study of Fatal Drownings: 2016–2021

Fortuin

Karangwa²,

Mahlalela³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Drowning is a serious public health concern. Low-and-middle-income countries are the most affected by drowning, as they carry 90% of the global drowning burden. The purpose of this retrospective epidemiological study is to provide an overview of fatal drownings in South Africa between 2016 and 2021. The data used for the study were obtained from the South African Police Service. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Statistical analyses included a t-test and chi-square test. The results indicate that the average number of fatal drownings per annum is 1477 in South Africa, with an average drowning rate of 2.54 per 100,000 population for the period 2016 to 2021. The KwaZulu-Natal province had the highest incidence of drowning. The 0–4-year-age group has the highest prevalence of drowning among all the age categories. More males drowned in South Africa compared to females.

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“…The drowning data obtained only included fatal drownings that were reported or when a body was recovered. The information does include unreported incidence or where a body was not recovered [29]. The reporting limitation is further complicated by the lack of classification of drownings, this is a global challenge, since drownings related to natural disasters (e.g., floods) are not reported [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A South African Epidemiological Study of Fatal Drownings: 2016 – 2021

Fortuin¹,

Karangwa²,

Mahlalela³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Drowning is a serious public health concern. Low middle income countries are mostly affected, as they carry 90% of the global drowning burden. The purpose of this epidemiological study is to provide a comprehensive overview of fatal drownings in South Africa between 2016 and 2021. The data used for the study was obtained from the South African Police Service. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise data. Statistical analysis included a t-test and chi-square test. The results indicate that the average fatal drownings per annum is 1477 in South Africa, with a drowning rate of 2.54 per 100 000 population from 2016 - 2021. The KwaZulu-Natal province had the highest incidence of drowning. The 0 – 4-year category has a high prevalence of drowning amongst all the age categories. More males drowned in South Africa compared to females. The study highlights key areas of concern these include age, sex, race, province, type of water body and time of day. This information is crucial to inform drowning prevention initiatives in South Africa.

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Drowning prevention: turning the tide on a leading killer

Cited by 41 publications

References 17 publications

Drinking and swimming around waterways: The role of alcohol, sensation-seeking, peer influence and risk in young people

Drinking and swimming around waterways: The role of alcohol, sensation-seeking, peer influence and risk in young people

A South African Epidemiological Study of Fatal Drownings: 2016–2021

A South African Epidemiological Study of Fatal Drownings: 2016 – 2021

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