Drug Abuse-Induced Cardiac Arrhythmias: Mechanisms and Management

Ouali, Sana; Guermazi, Omar; Guermazi, F.; Halima, M. Ben; Boudiche, Sélim; Khedher, Nadim; Meghaieth, Fathia; AbdeljalilFarhati,; Larbi, N.; Mourali, Mohamed Sami

doi:10.5772/intechopen.76022

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…This patient was noted to have significant hepatic and renal injury, similar to our patient. Life threatening arrhythmias including ventricular fibrillation causing sudden cardiac death has been reported previously[ 6 - 8 ]. Toxic myopericarditis have been previously diagnosed in these patients[ 2 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac involvement in hydrocarbon inhalant toxicity — role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: A case report

Jolly¹,

Davis²,

Ali³

et al. 2021

WJC

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BACKGROUND We report a patient who was diagnosed with toxic myopericarditis secondary to hydrocarbon abuse using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). CASE SUMMARY A 25-year-old male presented to emergency department with chest pain for 3 d. Patient also reported sniffing hydrocarbon containing inhalant for the last 1 year. Labs showed elevated troponin and electrocardiography was suggestive of acute pericarditis. Echocardiogram showed left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) of 40%. Given patient’s troponin elevation and reduced EF, cardiac catheterization was performed which showed normal coronaries. CMR was performed for myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries evaluation. CMR showed borderline LV function with edema in mid and apical LV suggestive of myocarditis. CONCLUSION CMR can be used to diagnose toxic myopericarditis secondary to hydrocarbon abuse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac involvement in hydrocarbon inhalant toxicity — role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: A case report

Jolly¹,

Davis²,

Ali³

et al. 2021

WJC

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“…The use of current specific laboratory tests, such as urinary trichloroethanol and chlorinated hydrocarbons, is limited by their high costs, variable turnaround time, and scant availability [ 9 ]. While the presentation of patients may vary, acute inhalant toxicity has generally been associated with central nervous system (CNS) depression, metabolic acidosis, and arrhythmia, as the patient presented in this case [ 10 ]. In addition, inhalants can cause anoxia, respiratory depression, and vagal inhibition, all of which also contribute to CNS depression with variable duration [ 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Inhalant-Induced Atrial Fibrillation With Severe Hypocalcemia: A Case Report and Review of the Pathophysiology

George¹,

Chin²,

Neeki³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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The recreational use of inhalants is associated with various detrimental health effects ranging from inebriation to cardiac arrest. It also presents a challenging clinical problem as the diagnosis is made by the presentation and patient's history, which is often difficult to obtain in an intoxicated or obtunded individual. The incidence of inhalant use is relatively high. National surveys have reported that nearly 21.7 million Americans aged 12 and older have used inhaled substances at least once in their lives. There is no reversal agent or antidote for inhalants and supportive care is generally recommended. We present a case of a young patient presenting with acute inhalant toxicity accompanied by atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response and severe hypocalcemia.

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“…Arrhythmogenic effects of cocaine have been attributed to the blockade of sodium and potassium channels, catecholamine excess, myocardial infarctions and myocarditis. Rare sinus bradycardia has been described as a result of chronic cocaine use, possibly due to cocaineinduced desensitization of beta-adrenergic receptors [12].…”

Section: Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Atrial Flutter in a Cocaine User: A Case Report and Literature Review

Mann,

Bastola,

Arora

et al. 2023

IJMPCR

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Cocaine is one of the commonest illicit drugs used and one of the most frequent causes of drug related deaths. Cardiovascular system effects due to cocaine manifests as a variety of structural heart issues along with arrhythmias. Atrial flutter is a common cause of morbidity in the United States population. Even though research has been sparse on the topic of cocaine use and atrial flutter, they have been shown to be linked. We present here a unique case of stable chronic atrial flutter in a middle-aged woman with a history of chronic cocaine use and heart failure with an ejection fraction of 15-20%.

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Drug Abuse-Induced Cardiac Arrhythmias: Mechanisms and Management

Cited by 4 publications

References 70 publications

Cardiac involvement in hydrocarbon inhalant toxicity — role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: A case report

Cardiac involvement in hydrocarbon inhalant toxicity — role of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: A case report

Acute Inhalant-Induced Atrial Fibrillation With Severe Hypocalcemia: A Case Report and Review of the Pathophysiology

Stable Atrial Flutter in a Cocaine User: A Case Report and Literature Review

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