Drug delivery systems and routes of administration of peptide and protein drugs

Sanders, Lynda M.

doi:10.1007/bf03190192

Cited by 48 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Two products based on lactic and glycolic acid are available in the United States. Lupron Depot, marketed by TAP Pharmaceuticals, contains leuprolide acetate [74381- (76,77). Atrix Labs is developing a product containing a biodegradable polymer in liquid form that contains an antimicrobial or antibiotic agent combined with a solution of poly(glycolic acid) or a copolymer of lactic or poly(glycolic acid) (78).…”

Section: Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Release Technology, Pharmaceutical

Edgren

Leeper

Nichols

et al. 2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Controlled-release dosage forms enhance the safety, efficacy, and reliability of drug therapy. They regulate the drug release rate to control drug action and reduce the frequency of drug administration to encourage patients to comply with dosing instructions. Conventional dosage forms often lead to wide swings in serumdrug concentrations. Most of the drug content is released soon after administration, causing drug levels in the body to rise rapidly, peak, and then decline sharply. For drugs whose actions correlate with their serumdrug concentration, these sharp fluctuations often cause unacceptable side effects at the peaks, followed by inadequate therapy at the troughs (Fig. 1). Administering smaller doses at more frequent intervals can damp concentration fluctuations, preventing over-and underdosing, but the inconvenience may cause patients to skip or delay doses, degrading efficacy. Compliance, measured as the percentage of patients taking 95% to 105% of prescribed oral medications, decreased from 67% with once-a-day regimens to 22% with four-times-a-day regimens (1). These difficulties are especially pronounced with drugs that have short half-lives and a narrow range of safe and effective concentrations. Precisely controlled release is particularly valuable for such agents (see Drug delivery systems).The term controlled release technology generally refers to a variety of methods used to exert various degrees of control over drug release. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) defines controlled release dosage forms as those formulations designed to release active ingredient(s) at rates that differ significantly from their corresponding immediate release forms (2). The indexing system of Index Medicus supports this broad definition by classifying these dosage forms as delayed-action preparations, and Excerpta Medica uses the index term sustained release preparations. The pharmaceutical literature contains a profusion of terms, including delayed-action, extended action, gradual release, prolonged release, protracted release, slow release, sustained release, depot, retard, and timed-release dosage forms, all emphasizing an increased duration of action (3).To avoid confusion, several researchers have incorporated therapeutic intention into the definition of controlled release (4-7). Thus, controlled-release pharmaceuticals release drugs in vivo according to a predictable, therapeutically rational, programmed rate to achieve the optimal drug concentration in the minimal time (4). Specification by release rate complements specification by quantity; jointly considered, they fix the duration of drug release. Therefore, the drug's duration of action can become a design property of a controlled release dosage form rather than an inherent pharmacokinetic property of the drug molecule.Under this more precise definition, controlled release drug delivery not only provides a predictable, patterned action, but controls the rate of drug release for a predetermined period. Controlled release systems deliver drugs at a con...

show abstract

Section: Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled Release Technology, Pharmaceutical

Edgren

Leeper

Nichols

et al. 2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These macromolecules also have high molecular weights which lead to low bioavailability and high aqueous solubility, and they are incapable of diffusing through biological membranes. 29,30 It is thus evident that appropriate delivery vehicles need to be developed for these macromolecules, which are in fact very unstable, so as to protect them from degradation in the biological environment of the organism. The potential to use these molecules for therapeutic applications greatly depends on the use of a suitable vehicle for delivery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, these macromolecules have high molecular weights, which leads to low bioavailability, high aqueous solubility, and an inability to diffuse through biological membranes. 29,30 The use of nanoparticles for the delivery of these macromolecules, which are in fact very unstable, could aid in protecting them from degradation in the biological environment of the organism. The HUVECs were then seeded and 0.1 mL of nanoparticle supernatant from days 2, 8, and 14.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitotic and antiapoptotic effects of nanoparticles coencapsulating human VEGF and human angiopoietin-1 on vascular endothelial cells

Khan

Paul²,

Abbasi³

et al. 2011

IJN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Research towards the application of nanoparticles as carrier vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic agents is increasingly gaining importance. The angiogenic growth factors, human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and human angiopoietin-1 are known to prevent vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and in fact to stimulate human vascular endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation. This paper aims to study the combined effect of these bioactive proteins coencapsulated in human serum albumin nanoparticles on HUVECs and to evaluate the potential application of this delivery system towards therapeutic angiogenesis. Methods and results: The angiogenic proteins, human VEGF and human angiopoietin-1, were coencapsulated in albumin nanoparticles for better controlled delivery of the proteins. The application of a nanoparticle system enabled efficient and extended-release kinetics of the proteins. The size of the nanoparticles crosslinked with glutaraldehyde was 101.0 ± 0.9 nm and the zeta potential was found to be −18 ± 2.9 mV. An optimal concentration of glutaraldehyde for the nanoparticle coating process was determined, and this provided stable and less toxic nanoparticles as protein carriers. The results of the study indicate that nanoparticles crosslinked with glutaraldehyde produced nanoparticles with tolerable toxicity which provided efficient and controlled release of the coencapsulated proteins. The nanoparticles were incubated for two weeks to determine the release profiles of the proteins. At the end of the two-week incubation period, it was observed that 49% ± 1.3% of human angiopoietin-1 and 59% ± 2.1% of human VEGF had been released from the nanoparticles. The proliferation and percent apoptosis of the HUVECs in response to released proteins was observed. Conclusion: The results indicate that the released proteins were biologically active and the combined application of both the proteins demonstrated a significant highly proliferative and antiapoptotic effect on HUVECs as compared with the effect demonstrated by the individual proteins released. These studies could serve as a basis to encourage further research into the potential in vivo application of these protein-loaded nanoparticles in the field of therapeutic angiogenesis.

show abstract

“…The future challenge in biotechnology may not only be polypeptide cloning and synthesis but effective nonparenteral delivery of intact peptides and proteins to the systemic circulation and their site of action. Based on our current understanding of biochemical and physiological aspects of peptide and protein absorption and metabolism, it is difficult to conceive of efficient means of delivering of these agents through the use of conventional formulation technology, namely, simple tablets and capsules (1)(2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prodrugs of Peptides and Proteins for Improved Formulation and Delivery

Oliyai¹

1993

Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Drug delivery systems and routes of administration of peptide and protein drugs

Cited by 48 publications

References 17 publications

Controlled Release Technology, Pharmaceutical

Controlled Release Technology, Pharmaceutical

Mitotic and antiapoptotic effects of nanoparticles coencapsulating human VEGF and human angiopoietin-1 on vascular endothelial cells

Prodrugs of Peptides and Proteins for Improved Formulation and Delivery

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About