Drug delivery through nose: A noninvasive technique for brain targeting

Thakur, Abhishek; Singh, Pankaj Kumar; Biswal, Swadhin S; Kumar, Naveen; Jha, Chandan Bhogendra; Singh, Gurvinder; Kaur, Charanjit; Wadhwa, Sheetu; Kumar, Rajesh

doi:10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_59_19

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…29 Intracellular pathways represent the delivery of different molecules through endocytosis or pinocytosis, where molecules are engulfed and moved throughout olfactory or trigeminal neural axons to finally reach the CNS. 30,31 On the other hand, in paracellular mechanism, the drug passes through tight junctions between the epithelial cells.…”

Section: Mechanisms and Pathways For Intranasal−brain Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile Nanoparticulate Systems as a Prosperous Platform for Targeted Nose–Brain Drug Delivery

Taha,

Shetta,

Nour

et al. 2024

Mol. Pharmaceutics

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The intranasal route has proven to be a reliable and promising route for delivering therapeutics to the central nervous system (CNS), averting the blood−brain barrier (BBB) and avoiding extensive first-pass metabolism of some drugs, with minimal systemic exposure. This is considered to be the main problem associated with other routes of drug delivery such as oral, parenteral, and transdermal, among other administration methods. The intranasal route maximizes drug bioavailability, particularly those susceptible to enzymatic degradation such as peptides and proteins. This review will stipulate an overview of the intranasal route as a channel for drug delivery, including its benefits and drawbacks, as well as different mechanisms of CNS drug targeting using nanoparticulate drug delivery systems devices; it also focuses on pharmaceutical dosage forms such as drops, sprays, or gels via the nasal route comprising different polymers, absorption promoters, CNS ligands, and permeation enhancers.

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Section: Mechanisms and Pathways For Intranasal−brain Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile Nanoparticulate Systems as a Prosperous Platform for Targeted Nose–Brain Drug Delivery

Taha,

Shetta,

Nour

et al. 2024

Mol. Pharmaceutics

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“…Topical administration is generally used when the patient is very ill because it is invasive and inconvenient compared to other modalities. Intranasal administration can bypass the BBB and directly deliver drugs to the brain through the olfactory area or the trigeminal nerve pathway, thereby increasing drug bioavailability and efficiency [ 83 , 84 , 85 ]. In addition to these advantages, intranasal administration also has the advantages of non-invasiveness, avoidance of systemic toxicity, rapid onset of action, high clearance rate, and so on [ 84 , 86 ].…”

Section: Strategies For Passing Through the Blood–brain Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intranasal administration can bypass the BBB and directly deliver drugs to the brain through the olfactory area or the trigeminal nerve pathway, thereby increasing drug bioavailability and efficiency [ 83 , 84 , 85 ]. In addition to these advantages, intranasal administration also has the advantages of non-invasiveness, avoidance of systemic toxicity, rapid onset of action, high clearance rate, and so on [ 84 , 86 ]. However, intranasal administration also has some problems, such as limited drug volume (max: 150 μL/nostril), the enzymatic degradation of drugs, limited drug absorption due to mucociliary clearance, and low drug retention at the absorption site [ 83 , 84 ].…”

Section: Strategies For Passing Through the Blood–brain Barriermentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Nano-Drug Delivery System for Brain Tumor Treatment

Qiu

et al. 2022

Cells

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As the most dangerous tumors, brain tumors are usually treated with surgical removal, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. However, due to the aggressive growth of gliomas and their resistance to conventional chemoradiotherapy, it is difficult to cure brain tumors by conventional means. In addition, the higher dose requirement of chemotherapeutic drugs caused by the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and the untargeted nature of the drug inevitably leads to low efficacy and systemic toxicity of chemotherapy. In recent years, nanodrug carriers have attracted extensive attention because of their superior drug transport capacity and easy-to-control properties. This review systematically summarizes the major strategies of novel nano-drug delivery systems for the treatment of brain tumors in recent years that cross the BBB and enhance brain targeting, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of several strategies.

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“…Physicochemical characteristic of drug affects the passive transcellular and carrier-mediated transportation stated as major pathways involved in drug absorption via the nasal mucosal membrane. Molecular weight, chemical form, pKa, lipophilicity, and polymorphism are few factors affecting the rate of absorption (Pires et al, 2009;Thakur et al, 2020). A completely soluble drug readily passes through perimucosal layer which could be a major problem with lipophilic drugs and can be circumvented by various cosolvents, surfactants, or by adjusting pH.…”

Section: Formulation Aspects For Nose-to-brain Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dose volume is usually kept at 0.05-0.15 mL/dose and can be correlated with drug concentration and dose (Kaur et al, 2015). Apart from those mentioned above, other dosage form dependent specificities like gelling agents for viscosity enhancement, mucociliary clearance, and enzymatic degradation are few minor but unavoidable aspects that should be looked upon to maximize therapeutic effectiveness (Thakur et al, 2020).…”

Section: Formulation Aspects For Nose-to-brain Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing nanoformulation for the nose‐to‐brain delivery in Parkinson's disease: Advancements and barrier

Kiran

Debnath

Neekhra

et al. 2021

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, which results in the loss of motor activity. In the management of PD, the primary aim is to increase the dopamine content in the brain either by delivering the precursors of dopamine or by inhibiting the molecules responsible for dopamine degradation. Due to the low bioavailability, a higher dosage of drugs needs to be administered repeatedly for achieving the desired therapeutic effect. This repeated high dose not only increases the severe side effects but also produces tolerance in the body. Often, direct administration of drugs fails to ameliorate the symptoms as the unmodified drugs cannot cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB).Nanotherapeutic is at the forefront of the alternative treatment against the central nervous system (CNS) disorders due to the ability to circumvents the BBB. Here, all the available treatments for PD have been discussed with their limitation. The current trends of nanotherapeutics for PD have been explored. Suitability and formulation prospects for nasal delivery have been analyzed in detail to explore new research scope. The most effective approach is the nose-to-brain delivery for targeting drugs directly to the brain. This delivery bypasses the BBB and concentrates more drugs at the target site.Thus, developments of nose-to-brain delivery of nanoformulations explicit the new scope to manage PD better.

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Drug delivery through nose: A noninvasive technique for brain targeting

Cited by 10 publications

References 1 publication

Versatile Nanoparticulate Systems as a Prosperous Platform for Targeted Nose–Brain Drug Delivery

Versatile Nanoparticulate Systems as a Prosperous Platform for Targeted Nose–Brain Drug Delivery

Novel Nano-Drug Delivery System for Brain Tumor Treatment

Designing nanoformulation for the nose‐to‐brain delivery in Parkinson's disease: Advancements and barrier

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