Drug Delivery Using Hydrophilic Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Effect of Structure Properties of MOFs on Biological Behavior of Carriers

Abstract

To study the influence of pore structural properties of metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) on drug adsorption and delivery, we synthesized two MOF termed TMU-6(RL1) {[Zn-(oba)(RL1) 0.5 ] n •(DMF) 1.5 } and TMU-21(RL2) {[Zn(oba)-(RL2) 0.5 ] n •(DMF) 1.5 } with amine basic N-donor pillars containing phenyl or naphthyl cores with various hydrophilic properties around the main center of the reaction. TG, IR, XPS, and PXRD analyses were used to extensively characterize the MOFs. The synthesized carriers showed high adsorption efficiency, stability, and controlled release. As an anticancer drug, Nimesulide (Nim) was adsorbed to MOFs using multiple adsorption mechanisms, such as Host π−π Guest interaction and Host N−H•••O Guest hydrogen bonds. Moreover, Hirshfeld surface analysis showed when the benzene core was replaced with the naphthalene core, the percentage of intermolecular interactions of π•••π and N•••H by amine sites in TMU-21( RL2) decreased compared with TMU-6(RL1), while the percentage of these interactions with guest molecules increased. The results showed that changes in the hydrophobicity/ hydrophilicity properties of MOFs would alter their ability to adsorb Nim in the pore of the frameworks. In vitro anticancer studies also showed that the cytotoxicity of Nim in MOFs@Nim composites against human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa cells) and human colon cancer cell line (HT-29 cells) is much higher than that of free Nim. Generally, based on the results, it can be said that the biological behavior of carriers can be regulated by adjusting the structure properties of MOFs.

Conductive Metal–Organic Frameworks for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

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Drug release and solubility properties of two zeolitic metal–organic frameworks influenced by their hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity

“…These characteristics serve as essential features that can greatly enhance the efficiency of MOFs. [24][25][26][27] Liang et al demonstrated that hydrophilic MOFs show superior performance in terms of bioactivity retention of biomolecules. 28 However, the impact of MOF hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity on drug solubility and controlled release remains uncertain and require further investigation.…”

Ultrafast Response in Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Glucose Sensing with Ni(II)-MOFs by Dimensional Manipulation

“…Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a class of crystalline porous materials with periodic extended structures, which consist of metal nodes (metal ions or metal clusters) self-assembled with organic ligands through coordination bonds. , Owing to the intriguing physical/chemical properties with rich coordination modes, MOFs have attracted increasing attention in catalysis, gas adsorption, energy storage, drug release, biosensing, fluorescence sensing, , etc. Especially, the ultrahigh porosity and large specific surface area of MOFs facilitate the efficient transport of the analytes, affording the promising electrochemical glucose sensors. − MOFs based on benzodicarboxylic acid (BDC) and 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (BTC) have been attempted in electrochemical sensing. , However, Ni-BDC is restricted by a high detection limit and slow reaction kinetics, while Cu-BTC shows a narrow detection range. Accordingly, the rational design of functional ligands is essential for high-performance MOF-based sensors.…”